substitute 的基本意思是“代替”。指在需要时,把某事物用作代替者或用某事物替换某事物。
在美式英语中,substitute 只能用作及物动词;在英式英语中,substitute 可用作及物动词,也常用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时,接名词或代词作宾语;用作不及物动词时,常接介词for。例如:
Honey can substitute sugar in this recipe. (美式英语)
Honey can substitute for sugar in this recipe. (英式英语)
在这个食谱中,可用蜂蜜代替食糖。
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substitute 用…代替;取代;替换
(1) sb substitute sth
You could always substitute a low-fat soft cheese.
你总是可以代之以低脂肪的软奶酪。
(2)sb substitute A for B
They were substituting violence for dialogue.
他们在用暴力取代对话。
(3) sb substitute for sb
He was substituting for the injured William Wales.
他替下了受伤的威廉·威尔士。
(4) sb seek a substitute for sb 某人寻求代替者
She is seeking a substitute for the very man whose departure made her cry. 那个男人的离去令她伤心痛哭,她正想找一个人填补内心的空缺
(5) be no substitute for sth 令人满意的替代物;与之媲美的事物
The printed word is no substitute for personal discussion with a great thinker.
阅读印在纸上的内容远不如与伟大的思想家面对面探讨那般受益。
There is no substitute for practical experience.
实践经验是无法替代的。
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substitute A for B:用 A 来代替 B
Can I substitute milk for cream ? 我可以用牛奶代替奶油吗?(摘自外研社、建宏《英汉多功能词典》)
2. A substitutes for B (英式英语): A 代替 B
A substitutes B (美式英语): A 代替 B
He substituted for the teacher who was in (the) hospital.他代理住院中的那位老师。(摘自外研社、建宏《英汉多功能词典》)
He substituted the teacher who was in (the) hospital. (美式英语)他代理住院中的那位老师。