做题遇到这个词组,表示应对策略。
cope 本来是动词,而词典里又没有coping 这个词。
这里是不是动名词表示名词?那是所有动词都可以这样改成名词的吗?
cope是不及物动词,常和介词with搭配使用,意为:
to deal successfully with a difficult situation or job.
你给的词组中的coping不是名词,是动名词。动名词作定语表示被修饰名词的用途,常可以改写为:名词+for v-iing. 例如:
the reading room = the room for reading.
the sleeping car = the car for sleeping (卧铺车厢)
the dining room = the room for dining
a training program = a program for training
a swmming pool = a pool for swimming
a fishing boat = a boat for fishing
drinking water = water for drinking
动名词作定语有别于现在分词作前置定语。现在分词作定语,被修饰名词是现在分词动作的发出者。
a sleeping bearuty = a bearuty who is sleeping.
a swimming boy = a boy who is swimming
the working class = the class who work
因此,动名词coping作定语, the coping stratdgy = the strategy for coping with sth.
如果一个动词有相应的名词,则常用名词作定语表示用途,其意义和动名词作定语类似。
The control rod = The rod for control
the show room = the room for showing sth.
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同意刘老师解答
【coping strategy 应对策略,属于动名词作定语用法】
cope
vi. 成功地应付,对付;对抗
n. 长袍;斗篷状覆盖物;墙帽
vt. 笼罩;给…盖墙压顶
【1】vt.(成功地)处理,应付,对付
It was amazing how my mother coped with bringing up three children on less than three pounds a week.
我妈妈用每周不到3英镑的钱抚养大了3个孩子,简直太不可思议了。
The problems were an annoyance, but we managed to cope.
这些问题很讨厌,但是我们都设法解决了。
【2】vt.应付,忍受(不愉快的局面)
Never before has the industry had to cope with war and recession at the same time.
这个行业以前从未有过必须同时应付战争和萧条的经历。
She has had to cope with losing all her previous status and money.
她不得不忍受彻底失去以前所拥有的地位和金钱的痛苦。
【3】vt.(机器、系统等)能够处理,应付
New blades have been designed to cope with the effects of dead insects..
新的桨片设计使其可以应付昆虫尸体带来的影响。
The country's prisons are filled with drug-takers, and cannot cope with the numbers.
这个国家的监狱里挤满了瘾君子,都容纳不下了。
The speed of economic change has been so great that the tax-collecting system has been unable to cope.
经济变化得如此之快,以致税收系统都应付不
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这里是不是动名词表示名词?那是所有动词都可以这样改成名词的吗?
【答】coping 可能是动名词,也可能是现在分词。因为这两种非谓语动词都可以作定语,只是表达的含义不同。
▲ a coping strategy 是“应对策略” —— coping 到底是动名词作定语,还是现在分词作定语,这是一个两难选择。
a coping strategy:可以理解为 a strategy for coping with something,也可以理解为 a strategy that can cope with something。前者表目的,coping 是动名词;后者可以转换为定语从句,coping 则是现在分词,说明这个strategy 本身就可以处理/应对一些问题。
在现实语言面前,语法分析有时候确实很尴尬,又如:a sewing machine
这个短语的意思:是分析为a machine for sewing clothes, 还是分析为 a machine that sews clothes? 答案是:两者都对。因为缝纫机可以被人用来做衣服,机器本身也可以缝纫衣服。
▲ 如果“人”是句子的施事者,那么 strategy 和machine 就成了“手段或工具”,coping 和sewing 就是动名词;有时候,strategy 和machine 本身也可以充当动作的施事者,所以,coping 和sewing 就成了现在分词。
▲ 但是,a swimming pool 就不同了,它只能一种解释:a pool for swimming 或 a pool that is used for swimming,但决不能解释为a pool that is swimming。这里,swimming只能是动名词。
反过来,a swimming duck 也只有一种解释:a duck that is swimming,这里,swimming 是现在分词。
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