The doctors have told him that he has only 6 months to live, but he won’t accept it. 医生告诉他他只能活6个月了,可是他不接受这一诊断。
请问这里的 to live 是定语吗?它后面为什么没有介词呢?
是的,动词不定式to live 作定语。在live 之后可看作省略了for,为了简练,这个介词for (表示一个延续性动词持续的时间)一般应省略掉。原句可以这样理解:
The doctors have told him that he will live for only 6 months.
还有一种理解,就是名词性短语作状语。如有些不及物动词,后面可以跟名词性短语,说明与这个不及物动词有关的的时间、距离、长宽高深度、重量、价值等,例如:
The meeting lasted two hours. 会议开了两个钟头。
I can't move even an inch. 我一点也动不了。
The first man-made satellite of our country weighs 173 kilogrammes. 我国第一颗人造卫星重173千克。
The water in the river has fallen two feet. 河水水位落了两英尺。
This TV set cost 1000 dollars. 这台电视花了1000美元。
也就是说,to live 作定语,修饰only six months,而only six months 与live 是状语和被修饰动词的关系。
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The doctors have told him that he has only 6 months to live, but he won’t accept it.
=The doctors have told him that he can only live for 6 months, but he won't accept it.
备注:6 months to live 可以看作不定式做后置定语,不定式与修饰构成逻辑动状关系
6 months to live =live (for months) 介词短语作动词live状语成分
医生告诉他他只能活6个月了,可是他不接受这一诊断。
同意刘老师的解答观点
主语+不及物动词+(介词for可省略)+时间段
The marriage had lasted (for) less than two years.
这段婚姻维持了不到两年。
The games lasted (for)only half the normal time..
比赛只持续了通常时间的一半。
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