如何翻译“五岁以下的小孩”?只用介词短语,不用定语从句。
有以下几种翻译,请帮我判断一下正误:
children under five
children under five years
children under five years old
children under five years of age
网友的表达都是可能的:
1. children under five (正)
相关词典例句:
Nearly half of mothers with children under five have a job. 孩子不满5岁的妈妈中近一半有工作。(柯林斯词典)
2. children under five years (正)
相关词典例句:
Children under two years are exempt. 两岁以下儿童免票。(柯林斯词典)
3. children under five years old (正)
相关词典例句:
Children under six years old are admitted free. 未满6岁的儿童可免费入场。(建宏多功能英汉词典)
4. children under five years of age (正)
Children under five years of age are not charged. 未满 5 岁儿童免费。(英语搭配大词典)
另有相关表达:
She had two children under the age of four. 她有两个不到四岁的孩子。(张道真英语用法)
She’s got four children, all under the age of five. 她有四个孩子,都不到五岁。(剑桥词典)
(1)children under five
Nearly half of mothers with children under five have a job. 孩子不满5岁的妈妈中近一半有工作。
The disease is spreading, and all children under five are at risk. 这疾病在蔓延, 五岁以下的小孩都有危险.
(2)children under five years
Children under five years are exempt. 五岁以下儿童免票。
(3)children under five years old
The Spark Lab also has an area designed especially for children under five years old. 火花实验室同样还有为5岁一下儿童设计的专区.
(4)children under five years of age
Children under five years of age are not charged. 未满5岁儿童免费.
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如何翻译“五岁以下的小孩”?只用介词短语,不用定语从句。
【答】除了网友提供的4个外,我再补充几个,一并判断正误:
children under five (正确)
children under five years(正确)
children under five years old(错误)
【说明】介词under 之后的宾语必须是名词性的,而five years old 是形容词性质,five years 是名词做程度状语,修饰old。所以,即便有人使用该说法,也是不规范的英语。
He is five years old.
The line is five meters long.
这是一个道理,表语分别是形容词old 和long,前面的five years 和 five meters 都是名词做程度状语。
children under five years of age(正确)
children under the age of five(正确)
children under the age of five years(正确)
【说明】在数字后面加上years,其实是更加精确的表达。平时,为了简练一般人都会认为可以省略,但有时候则必须加上。例如,5个月以下的婴儿:babies under five months ——
如果不加months,那么这个婴儿是5岁,5个月,5周,还是5天?这时,加上具体时间是必须的。
以上正误判断的结果,是我查阅了有关词典例句得出的。
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under是介词,应该后接名词结构。five years old中心词是old,是个形容词短语,作介词宾语是不妥的。five years of age中心词是名词years。of age是years的限制性定语。要么years of age一起省略,要么不省略。因此,标准的说法应该是:
children under five
children under five years of age.
另外两种说法如果不是错误的,至少也是不规范的。
词典例句为:
children under the age of five.
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