If虚拟语气条件句分析(涉及were to表示的时间问题)

If you were to have asked me, I would have been only too willing to help.

If you were to have explained your problem to me, I would have been able to help you.

两个if分句中的动词形式是虚拟语气吗?为什么were to 不表示将来,而表示过去?有什么原因吗?谢谢老师的回答。

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最佳答案 2017-06-01 05:55

(1)If you were to have asked me, I would have been only too willing to help.

=If you had asked me, I would have been only too willing to help.

参考译文:如果你当时问我了,我会非常乐意帮助你。

(2)If you were to have explained your problem to me, I would have been able to help you.

=If you had explained your problem to me, I would have been able to help you.

参考译文:如果你当时把你的问题想我解释了,我也就能帮助你了。


(1)虚拟条件句基本形式表达结构(对过去事件虚拟和假设

if sb had done sth,sb could/might/would have done

(2)虚拟条件句变体形式表达结构(对过去事件虚拟和假设

if sb be to have done, sb could/might/would have done

第2种属于第1种变体形式

If we had caught the 10 train,we would have got there by lunch-time.

If we were to have caught the 10 train, we would have got there by lunch-time.

特别备注以下2点

(1)were to +动词原形,对将来的虚拟和假设

(2)were to have done ,是对过去的虚拟和假设(相当于是had done 的一种变体形式结构表达。)

        




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其它 1 个回答

曹荣禄  
擅长:动词用法,句法问题

同意陈老师的分析。不定式的完成体将将时间从将来改到了过去。这种用法虽然一般语法书没有介绍,但从动词形式来看,were to have done=had done. 

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  • beginner 提出于 2017-05-31 16:36

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