with sb to do是什么结构

He knew that with him to help her, she could and would succeed.

上文红色部分,是with引起的复合结构(with+宾语+补语),还是由with引出不定式的逻辑主语(类似于for sb to do).请老师分析一下,谢谢.

with+sb(宾格)+to do可以有几种叫法?with sb是在句中做什么成分? 


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最佳答案 2017-05-08 12:12

这是with复合结构。him和to do具备逻辑上的主谓关系,符合with结构的构成规则。him和不定式共同构成介词with的复合宾语(传统语法的认识)。

不定式的需要表示出自己的逻辑主语时,只有一种方式,就是在不定式前加for +名词或宾格代词。没有第二种形式。这时,带有自己逻辑主语的不定式在句中作不同的句子成分。It is clever of him to do something.这样的句子,有人说不定式的逻辑主语用of 引出,这种说法是欠妥的。如有必要,我另文说明。

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其它 2 个回答

刘永科   - 教育出版集团英语总顾问 & 英语系列图书主编
擅长:语法理论,语言学,文化背景

1. with sb. to do sth. :是with 复合结构,主要用来作状语,如原因,方式,伴随等。例如:

With the guide to lead the way, they would find the village easily.

2. for sb. to do sth. :是动词不定式的复合结构,用来表明不定式的逻辑主语。例如:

It is important for us to learn English.

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陈才   - 英语教师
擅长:中考英语,词法问题

以上属于WITH 复合结构中的其中一种with sth/sb to do


(一)with复合结构的构成
(1) With + 宾语+ 介词短语
  He was asleep with his head on his arms.
(2)with + 宾语+ 过去分词 (宾语与宾补之间是被动关系)
  All the afternoon he worked with the door locked.
  He lay in bed with his head covered.

(3) with + 宾语+ 现在分词 (宾语与宾补之间是主动关系)
  With winter coming on,it's time to buy warm clothes.
(4)with + 宾语 + to do  (不定式做宾补有“将来”的含义)e
  I can't go out with all these dishes to wash.
(5)with + 宾语 + 形容词 /副词
  With
 John away,we've got more room.
  Anderson was lying on the bed with all his clothes on.
(二).with复合结构的作用
 with复合结构在句子中作状语,表示原因、时间、条件、伴随、方式等。

We sat on the dry grass with our backs to the wall.(作伴随状语)
She could not leave with her painful duty unfulfilled.(作原因状语)
He lay in bed with his head covered.(作方式状语)
Jack soon fell asleep with the light still burning.

(作伴随状语)
I won't be able to go on holiday with my mother being ill.(作原因状语)
He sat with his arms clasped around his knees.

(作方式状语)

注:with复合结构在句子中还可以作定语,阅读下面的句子。
There was a letter for Lanny with a Swiss stamp on it.(作定语修饰letter)
It was a vast stretch of country with cities in the distance.作定语




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  • beginner 提出于 2017-05-08 08:20

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