一个句子的谓语都有哪些形式?简单句 I got up.是一个动词作谓语,I got up and washed my handsand went to school.这仍然是简单句,它的谓语动词是怎么回事呢?是简单谓语么?什么是复杂谓语或复合谓语,have been done, would have been done ,这也应该是简单谓语吧?不能够是复合谓语吧?谢谢!
我认为把谓语划分为简单谓语和复合谓语实在没有任何实际意义。在我学英语的过程中我根本就忽略了这种区分。
某些语法书把情态动词加实意动词构成的谓语以及系表结构称为复合谓语,除此而外的就是简单谓语(无论什么时态和语态)。
我认为重要的是要知道一个谓语必须含有也只能含有一个实意动词。实意动词总是谓语动词词组中的最后一个,该实意动词可以前接情态动词或助动词。 实意动词可以有时态、语态和语气的变化。
根据实意动词的语义是否完整、是否必须后接使语义完整的补足成分,实意动词分为以下7种类型,也叫动词句型。
1 SV (主语+谓语) He left.
2 SVA (主语+谓语+必具性状语) He lives in China.
3 SVP (主语+谓语+表语) He is tall. He is a student.
4 SVO (主语+谓语+宾语) He likes music.
5 SVOiOd (主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语) I sent him a letter.
6 SVOA (主语+谓语+宾语+必具性状语) He treats me baddly
7 SVOC (主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语)I kept my room warm. I call him brother.
知道以上7种动词句型,勤查词典了解一个实意动词在某个意义上是以上哪种用法,比区分简单谓语还是复合谓语重要100倍。当然,动词的时态、语态和虚拟语气形式是必须了解的。
建议你在知道了所谓复合谓语是什么以后,就不要再理睬它了,没有实际意义。现代语法已经摈弃了这个术语。
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一个句子的谓语都有哪些形式?简单句 I got up.是一个动词作谓语,I got up and washed my handsand went to school.这仍然是简单句,它的谓语动词是怎么回事呢?
解答如下:1个主语+2个并列谓语(这2个并列谓语都属于简单谓语)
是简单谓语么?什么是复杂谓语或复合谓语,have been done, would have been done ,这也应该是简单谓语吧?不能够是复合谓语吧?谢谢!
解答按如下:复杂谓语:一般以行为动词个数来确定,行为动词的个数超过1个单词以上称作为复杂谓语,注意和复合谓语的区别。
have been done, would have been done 这些都叫复合谓语。
你的问题可以分为这几点回答
(1)简单谓语:仅由行为动词,或者行为短语动词,或者行为动词短语充当谓语称作为“简单谓语”
A:单个行为动词的充当简单谓语
She came.
B:由短语动词充当的简单谓语
She took off her sunglasses.
C:由动词短语充当的简单谓语
She took care of her friend's child yesterday.
(备注:以上简单不是说谓语简单,是谓语没有其他动词存在,像,系动词,助动词,情态动词出现。就像“简单句不是说这个英语句子很简单一样”简单句是指只有一套主谓系统的句子,即只有一套主语+谓语结构的句子。)
(2)复合谓语:凡是由“助动词+动词某一形式,或者情态动词+动词原形,构成的谓语”称作为复合谓语
A:由助动词(be)+动词现在分词充当复合谓语
She is watching TV in the room.
B:由助动词(be)+动词过去分词充当复合谓语
She was criticized by her father.
C:由助动词(have/has/had)+动词过去分词充当复合谓语
I have seen the film.
She has seen the film.
The train had left before we arrived.
D:由助动词(will)+动词原形充当复合谓语
She will visit us tomorrow
E:由情态动词(can/must...)+动词原形充当复合谓语
She can speak three foreign languages.
We must work hard.
She must be in the room.
F:由情态动词+动词某个时态(完成体/进行体/完成进行体)
She must have seen the film.
She must be sleeping in the room.
She must have been watching TV in the room.
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