Ah, the Buddhists believe you keep coming back..Moving up or down a level, based on how you lived your life.
这句话中coming back,和moving up or down a level是不是都是keep的宾语?
based的主语是keep的主语you吗?
Ah, the Buddhists believe you keep coming back..Moving up or down a level, based on how you lived your life.
参考译文:佛教徒相信每个人都在经历不断的转世,是转成向更高还是更低层次的生命,取决于你今世的修行。
这句话中coming back,和moving up or down a level是不是都是keep的宾语?
回答如下:
coming back 是做谓语动词keep的宾语。但是moving up down a level不是做谓语动词keep宾语。
based的主语是keep的主语you吗?
回答如下:
不是的,based on how you lived your life 的主语,为前面的动名词短语.
以上句子语法结构分析如下
感叹词:Ah(啊)
主语:the Buddhists(佛教徒/佛门弟子)
谓语:believe(相信/认为)
宾语从句:that you keep coming back(每个人都经历不断转世)
分句2语法结构分析:
主语:Moving up or down a level(转成更高还是更低层次)
(动名词短语充当主语成分)
谓语:based on (建立在/基于)
介词宾语从句:how you lived your life(今世的修行)
为什么based on用过去式?还有它前面为什么加一点逗号与主语隔开呢?
主语与谓语有时候用逗号隔开,其一种”停顿或者加强语气作用"
Moving up or down a level based on how you lived your life.(无停顿)
Move up or down a level ,based on how you live your live.(停顿)
(特别备注,主语和谓语之间,不可以使用句号,使用句号,意味,句子所表达意思结束,与后面属于独立句子结构,例如前面,使用逗号,后面句子,第1个单词首字母使用了大写Moving up .
补充解答如下
关于base 与介词on/upon搭配由以下几种情况
(1) base A on B 把A建立在B基础上,把A立足于B
We must base ourselves on the interests of the people.
我们一定要从人民的利益出发。
One should always base one's opinion on facts.
我们应总是把自己的观点建立在事实的基础上
He based his conclusions on the evidence given by the captured prisoners.
他根据被俘囚犯提供的证据得出了这个结论。
I base my hopes on the news I had yesterday.
我的希望是以我昨天得到的消息为根据的。
Webased our conclusion on facts.
我们是以事实作为我们结论的依据的
(2) A be based on B A被建立在B之上,A以B为根据
This novelis based on historical facts.
这部小说是以历史事实为根据的。
These criticisms are based on misunderstanding.
这些评论完全是出于误解。
Direct taxation is usually based upon income.
直接税通常是以收入为根据。
This song is based on an old folk tune.
这首歌是以一首古老的民间曲调为基础而写成的。
His conclusion is based on practical experience.
他的结论建立在实践经验的基础上。
(备注:第2种可以看作第1种被动语态变体结构)
(3) A base on B A取决于B,A由B决定
(此时短语等于A depend on B)
Fluctuating prices usually base on a fickle public's demand.
物价的波动往往是由于群众需求的不稳定而引起的.
Adaptive digital halftoning algorithm base on the image visual characteristics.
一种基于图像视觉特征的自适应数字半色调算法.
Master A kind of assembly Language base on the above platform.
掌握基于上一项中某一种芯片的汇编语言.
To conduct quality inspections base on AQL for products before shipment.
AQL质量监控要求在出货前作查货.
(4) A based on B 建立在B上的A,基于B上的A(可以理解为过去分词短语作后置定语)
=A that/which be based on B
The theory based on practice will be easily accepted.
=The theory which is based on practice will be easily accepted.
基于实践上的理论会很容易被人们接受。
在回到下面句子分析:
Ah, the Buddhists believe you keep coming back.Moving up or down a level, based on how you lived your life.
Moving up or down a level, based on how you lived your life.搞清楚这个句子语法结构关键在于,base 属于以上4种种的哪搭配或者结构用法。
(1)如果属于第2种,但是句子缺少助动词be,因为过去分词属于非谓语动词,不可以单独作句子谓语,如果一定要说属于第2种用法,即需要加个助动词be,方可为正确句子。
Moving up or down a level is based on how you lived your life.
(2)如果属于第3种,即中间的逗号因为停顿需要把“主语+谓语”进行分隔,base属于动词过去式形式;称为分割式主语谓结构。因此这个句子可以理解为正确句子。
Moving up or down a level , based on how you lived your life.(based 为动词base过去式形式)
(3)如果属于第4种,可理解为后面的为一个过去分词短语作后置定语修饰前面的动名词短语。因此后半分部分就不是句子了,而是一个短语,因此这样理解也是正确的。
Moving up or down a level , based on how you lived your life.(based 为动词base过去分词形式)
Moving up or down a level (which/that is ) based on how your lived your life.
最后总结为:
在英语语言种,第1种和第2种表达结构语言现象更为常见些.
(1) base A on/upon B
(2) A be based on/upon B
在英语语言种,第3种表达结构语言现象也出现,但是不如1/2更常见.
(3)A base on B
在英语语言种,第4种表达结构语言现象也出现,但是不如1/2更常见,但是要比第3更常见.
(4) A based on B
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Ah, the buddhists believe you keep coming back. Moving up or down a level, based on how you lived your life.
【翻译】啊,佛教徒们相信他们会不断地转世。此生他们的所为,会决定他们上天还是入地。(字面意思是:上天还是入地,取决于他们一生是如何度过的。)
【分析】我的看法仍然跟Expert不同。
1. Moving up or down a level, based on how you lived your life. 本句省略了be动词,原句为被动语态:
Moving up or down a level is based on how you lived your life.
2. 句中的you,其实不是指“你本人”。英语中,you可以指“人们”,根据上下文,是指“佛教徒他们自己”。
3. keep doing sth.:不断做某事。
4. Moving up or down a level:动名词作后面句子的主语。
5. level的意思是:级别;等级;地位。
up a level在本句引申为:上天堂;down a level在本句引申为:下地狱。
这样大的级别差距都与修行有关。
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