All you ever want to do is going shopping with your friends. Don’t you have any other hobbies?
请问上面句子中 going shopping 用得对吗?感觉应该用不定式吧?即:
All you ever want to do is (to) go shopping with your friends. Don’t you have any other hobbies?
All you ever want to do is going shopping with your friends. Don’t you have any other hobbies?
解答:
从蒋老师的解答中得知此句曾为北京的考试题。出题人显然试图考查学生对动名词和不定式用法的掌握情况。一般说来,不定式用表示将来的还没有发生的一次性事件,而动名词多用于已经发生过的事件,或不含时间意义的抽象概念。如:I like swimming.动名词表示爱好。I remember seeing him before. 动名词表示谓语动作之前发生过的事件。I would like to swim this afternoon. 不定式表示谓语动过时间尚未发生的一次性动作。鉴于此,出题人设计了这道题。ever在肯定句可以表示at all times, always的意义。在加上后句又问:Don't you have any other hobbies? 强烈暗示此处的go shopping不是一次性事件,而是爱好、习惯。因此期待学生选用动名词,而不是不定式。
但《牛津高级词典》第8版ever项下列举了这样的惯用法和例句:
Idioms:
"all somebody ever does is..."used to emphasize that somebody does the same thing very often, usually in an annoying way.
即all sb ever does is...这个惯用句型用来表示某人经常做同样的事情(往往令人感到讨厌)。词典给出的例句如下,表语用的是不带to的不定式,而不是动名词。
All he ever does is grumble about things.
我们不能轻易怀疑词典例句的正确性。但对出题人关于此惯用句型的理解却可以怀疑。
很多语法书指出,当主句含有动词do(无论是谓语还是非谓语动词),作表语的不定式通常可省略to(带to也不错,只是不常用)。
但当do为进行体时,表语通常用动名词表示。如:
All I did was empty the bottle.
What he has done is (to) spoil the whole thing.
What he's doing is spoiling the whole thing.
通过以上分析,我认为上述问题句中用不带to的不定式肯定是没有错的,尽管出题人暗示此处的go shopping是指习惯或爱好。(词典例句可以证明)
相反,主语部分有不定式to do,表语用动名词这种用法的合理性或正确性还有待证明。
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All you ever want to do is going shopping with your friends. Don’t you have any other hobbies?
请问上面句子中 going shopping 用得对吗?感觉应该用不定式吧?即:
All you ever want to do is (to) go shopping with your friends. Don’t you have any other hobbies?
回答如下:
应该使用不定式作表语的结构,由于前面有do的形式,即需要使用省略不定式to的不定式作句子表语更为妥当,即直接以动词原形开头就可以了。
All (that)you ever want to do is (to) go shopping with your friends. Don't you have another hobbies?(定语从句)
由于all that.. =what 因此还可以改写为下面主语从句
=What you ever want to do is (to) go shopping with your friends.Don't you have any other hobbies?(主语从句)
【参考译文】你永远想做的事情就是和你朋友们一起去购物,难道您还有一些其它的爱好吗?
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我觉得网友的句子没有问题,完全可以用 going shopping 的。
All you ever want to do is going shopping with your friends. Don’t you have any other hobbies?
比如2002年的北京春季高考英语试题中就有这样一题(与网友的句子高度相似):
A: You’re always working. Come on, let’s go shopping.
B: All you ever want to do is going shopping. (2002北京春季卷)