Beside the teacher were seated some small children. 是完全倒装句式, 属于介词短语+倒装结构形式,在英语中常见于正式文体中。所以这里使用了were seated。我们也可以说Beside the teacher sat some small children. 但不如前一句更为正式。我举个例子,我们在日常口语中,可以说Sit down, please. 但在正式场合,如在G20峰会做译员,要说Please be seated.
关于完全倒装形式,很多语法书都有介绍,如薄冰《高级英语语法》。
例句:
By his side sat his faithful dog.
Early in 1661 took place a general election.
英语感叹句的完全倒装在口语中常见,如 Here comes the bus!
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我认为,Beside the teacher were seated some small children. 这样的表达是正确的,这就是一个完全倒装句(地点状语+谓语+主语)。正如王汝涛老师所说,“完全倒装这种形式在小说中是常见的”。
英国小说家威廉•萨默赛特•毛姆的小说《月亮和六便士》的第47章里就有这样的表达。既然英国人都可以这样说,那么学习英文的中国人为什么就不能接受呢?该小说问世后以情节入胜、文字深刻,在文坛轰动一时,人们争相传看。摘录如下【供网友们参考】:
... The air was heavy with the dust beaten up by the heavy boots of the men, and gray with smoke. It was very hot. Behind the bar was seated a woman nursing her baby. The waiter, an undersized youth with a flat, spotty face, hurried to and fro carrying a tray laden with glasses of beer.
……男人们的大靴子扬起的尘土和口里喷出的烟雾弄得屋子乌烟瘴气。空气又闷又热。卖酒的柜台后面坐着一个女人在给孩子喂奶。一个身材矮小、生着一张长满雀斑的扁脸年轻侍者,托着摆满啤酒杯子的托盘不住脚地走来走去。
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请提供该句的出处,好吗?
没见过这样的倒装句:Beside the teacher were seated some small children.
▲“老师旁边坐着一些小孩子。”等于说:“一些小孩子坐在老师旁边。”
Some small children were seated beside the teacher.(本句为系表结构)
Some small children were sitting beside the teacher.(本句为进行时态)
▲使用存在句There be,然后用分词短语作定语来表达:
There were some children seated beside the teacher.(过去分词作定语)
There were some children sitting beside the teacher.(现在分词作定语)
▲用倒装句也可,但应使用不及物动词sit。结构为:介词短语+不及物动词+主语。
Beside the teacher sat some small children.(完全倒装句)
不可说:
Beside the teacher were seated some small children.
▲可以这样颠倒主语和谓语部分:(这种结构不是真正的倒装句,而是一种特殊表达法)
Seated beside the teacher were some small children.
Sitting beside the teacher were some small children.
以上是英语的特殊表达句式,而且句子语义重心发生了变化。这两句话的真正含义是:
Those seated beside the teacher were some small children.
Those sitting beside the teacher were some small children.
【翻译】坐在老师旁边的(人)是一些小孩子。
【回复王老师】
请问:这两个句子是一样的结构吗?
Under a tree was lying one of the biggest men I had ever seen.
Beside the teacher were seated some small children.
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Beside the teacher were seated some small children.
请问这是什么倒装?麻烦老师给分析一下,谢谢!
回答如下:
状语+谓语+主语倒装结构
【1】Beside the teacher sat some small children.
状语:Beside the teacher
谓语:sat
主语:some small children
【2】Beside the teacher were seated some small children
状语:Beside the teacher
谓语:were seated
主语:some small children
(特别备注,第1种要比第2种更常见,建议以采用第1种倒装结构)
在表示某人坐下有以下几种表达
(1)one sit
She sits beside her teacher.(主语+谓语+状语 结构)
(2)one be seated
She is seated beside her teacher.(主语+谓语+状语 结构)
(3)one seated oneself
She seats herself beside her teacher.(主语+谓语+宾语+状语 结构)
(seat vt.使...坐下;one be seated =seat oneself)
状语+谓语+主语倒装结构
正常语序为
Some small children were seated beside the teacher
=Some small children seated themseles beside the teacher.
=Some small children sat beside the teacher.
倒装结构语序
Beside the teacher sat some small children.
Beside the teacher were seated some children
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