书上说,特定两者中较....,用定冠词the,并且附有类似这样的例子:
Which is the bigger of the two?
可是,按照这一语法要求,下面的句子的比较级前是否该有定冠词?还是可有可无?
Which is bigger, the moon or the earth?
盼望专家老师对此给予学生权威的指导。谢谢。
以下权威观点可以说明问题:
▲以下《薄冰英语惯用法词典》p1143的原文:
比较级形容词后有名词或省掉名词时,前面要加the,如“两人中,还是他高一点”。应译成:He is the taller of the two.(在taller后省去了man)“他比我高”,则应译成:He is taller than I. (taller后没有省略的名词,前面就不应用定冠词)。
▲以下是《柯林斯英语语法大全》2.114 节的原文:
Comparative adjectives are sometimes used as headwords in fairly formal English. When you use a comparative adjective as a headword, you put ‘the’ in front of it, and follow it with ‘of’ and a noun group which refers to the two things being compared.
...the shorter of the two lines.
Dorothea was the more beautiful of the two.
There are two windmills, the larger of which stands a hundred feet high.
If it is clear what you are talking about, you can omit ‘of’ and the following noun group.
这是一个很有趣的问题,龙楠老师提供的素材非常有用,而且已清楚地说明了问题:
▲关于Which is the bigger of the two?
对于此句中比较级前使用定冠词的问题,《柯林斯英语语法大全》作了如下解释:
1. 比较级是用作中心词(headword),所谓用作“中心词”就是说它不是修饰别的词,而是被别的词修饰,如a taller boy中的taller就不是中心词,因为它是修饰boy的;但the taller of the two中的taller就是中心词,因为它没有修饰别的词,相反而是受of the two的修饰
2. 除用作中心词外,它还要后接of短语(follow it with ‘of’…)。
以上两条就完全解释了 Which is the bigger of the two? 一句中 bigger 前用定冠词:一是因为 bigger 在此用作中心词,二是其后接了of短语作修饰语。
▲对于Which is bigger, the moon or the earth?
此句中的bigger前能不能用定冠词呢?我顺着龙老师提供的《柯林斯英语语法大全》,查到了以下说明:If it is clear what you are talking about, you can omit ‘of’ and the following noun group.(如果所谈论的情况意思清楚,我们可以省略其后的of短语)该书所举的例句是:
Notice to quit must cover the rental period or four weeks, whichever is the longer.
◎根据以上分析,只要比较级是用作中心词,如果意思清楚的话,它后面的of短语是可以省略的。所以对于Which is bigger, the moon or the earth?来说,bigger显然在此为中心词,由于句意已经很清楚,所以它后面的of短语可以省略掉,由此可知此句中的bigger前也是可以使用定冠词的,即:
Which is the bigger, the moon or the earth?
Which is the bigger (of the two), the moon or the earth?