柯帕斯英语网高考真题解题思路实录-2021-高考英语-新全国卷I-阅读理解C
柯帕斯英语网
2021高考英语真题解题思路实录
新全国卷I-阅读理解C
When the explorers first set foot upon the continent
of North America, the skies and lands were
alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife. Native Americans had taken care
of these precious natural resources wisely. Unfortunately, it took the
explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these
resources. Millions of waterfowl (水禽) were killed at the hands
of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen. Millions of
acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations,
greatly reducing waterfowl habitat (栖息地).
In 1934, with the passage of the Migratory Bird
Hunting Stamp Act (Act), an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to
stop the destruction of migratory (迁徙的) waterfowl and the wetlands
so vital to their survival. Under this Act, all waterfowl hunters 16 years of
age and over must annually purchase and carry a Federal Duck Stamp. The very
first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J.N. “Ding” Darling, a political
cartoonist from Des Moines,
Iowa, who at that time was
appointed by President Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the Bureau of
Biological Survey. Hunters willingly pay the stamp price to ensure the survival
of our natural resources.
About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes
directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife
habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System—a fact that
ensures this land will be protected and available for all generations to come. Since
1934, better than half a billion dollars has gone into that Fund to purchase
more than 5 million acres of habitat. Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp
Program has been called one of the most successful conservation programs ever
initiated.
28. What was a cause
of the waterfowl population decline in North America?
A. Loss of
wetlands.
B. Popularity of water sports.
C. Pollution of rivers.
D. Arrival of other wild animals.
【答案】A。
【解析】细节理解题。题干问的是：北美水禽数量下降的原因是什么？题中关键词是decline（下降），在文章第1段的最后一句可找到同义词reducing（减少），再细读含有reducing一词的全句：Millions of acres
of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations,
greatly reducing waterfowl habitat.(为了解决不断增长的人口的吃住需求，数百万英亩的湿地都被抽干，从而极大地减少了水禽的栖息地)，再结合本题的四个选项，显然只有A（Loss of wetlands 湿地的丧失）最合适。
29. What does the
underlined word “decimate” mean in the first paragraph?
A. Acquire.
B. Export.
C. Destroy.
D. Distribute.
【解题思路实录】C。词义猜测题。找到包括decimate的句子：Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the settlers who
followed only a few decades to decimate
a large part of these resources. 阅读本句的关键是要注意到句首的Unfortunately（不幸的是）。根据常识，当人们说“不幸的是”时，后面引出的通常是“不好”的情况。同时注意到decimate后面接的宾语是a large part of
these resources（这些资源的一大部分），那么什么样的“动词词义”与宾语“这些资源的一大部分”搭配才会是“不幸的情况”呢？现在来比较四个选项：Acquire=获取，Export=出口，Destroy=破坏，Distribute=分发——显然，只有Destroy（破坏）最符合情理和逻辑，故选C。有关本句的分析与翻译，请参见《高考真题长句分析》：https://www.cpsenglish.com/question/52168
30. What is a direct
result of the Act passed in 1934?
A. The stamp price has gone down.
B. The migratory birds have flown away.
C. The hunters have stopped hunting.
D. The government
has collected money.
【解题思路实录】D。细节理解题。题干问的是：1934年通过的《法案》的直接结果是什么？注意题干中的关键词the Act和1934，扫描第2段和第3段（第1段已出了两道题，不用再考虑），两个段落均出现了这两个关键信息，此时最“简单粗爆”的方法，通读这两个段落寻找答案。但如果要走捷径，我们可以进一步在题干中挖掘关键词，其实题干中的关键词除了the Act和1934外，direct result（直接结果）也是一个关键词，此时再结合1934在文中出现的两个介词搭配：一个是 in 1934，另一个是 since 1934。结合常识和语境（暂时不用看原文），我们可以作出以下基本判断：in 1934后面大概率讲的是《法案》颁布的时间，而 since 1934 后面大概率讲的是《法案》颁布后的影响。为验证我们的“判断”，现在我们来细读一下since 1934后面的这个句子：Since 1934,
better than half a billion dollars has gone into that Fund to purchase more
than 5 million acres of habitat（自1934年以来，已有超过5亿美元进入到该基金，用于购买超过500万英亩的栖息地），很显然本句的意思与选项D吻合。即答案选D。
31. Which of the
following is a suitable title for the text?
A. The Federal
Duck Stamp Story
B. The National Wildlife Refuge System
C. The Benefits of Saving Waterfowl
D. The History of Migratory Bird Hunting
【解题思路实录】A。主旨大意题。本题要求为所读文章概括标题。做这类题的基本方法和思路是“三次概括”：第一次概括是概括各自然段的大意”；第二次概括是将各自然段的大意进行合并与综合，然后概括出全文的大意（也就是中心思想）；第三次概括是全文的大意（或中心思想）浓缩成标题。现在我们来总结一下各段的大意：第1段主要讲北美大陆因探险家及随后的定居者给当地资源造成的破坏（出现问题），第2段主要讲国家颁布《候鸟狩猎印花税法案》进行应对（解决问题），第3段主要讲颁《法案》后产生的结果和影响（结果和影响）。而贯穿三个段落的主线是《候鸟狩猎印花税法案》，而《候鸟狩猎印花税法案》的实施方式是国家发行“联邦鸭票”和狩猎者购买“联邦鸭票”。尤其注意文章最后一句的总结性归纳：Little wonder the
Federal Duck Stamp Program has been called one of the most successful
conservation programs ever initiated（难怪联邦鸭票计划被称为有史以来最成功的保护计划之一）。至此，我们再来看看题目给出的四个选项：
A. The Federal Duck Stamp Story 联邦鸭票的故事
B. The National Wildlife Refuge System 国家野生动物保护区系统
C. The Benefits of Saving Waterfowl 拯救水禽的好处
D. The History of Migratory Bird Hunting 候鸟狩猎的历史
很显然，答案只能是A。
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