2023—2014年高考英语语法填空真题总汇及答案

（高考英语从2014年开始正式出现语法填空题，本文件汇编了2014年至2023年所有的语法填空题，同时附有参考答案;本文件于2021年4月13日首次上传，于2024年4月16日第3次更新；仅供交流参考，严禁作为商业用途）

2024年语法填空题汇编

▲2024浙江卷1

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. However, if you’re shopping for one, buying extra ___56___ (benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense. Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home ___57___ you can’t use what you’ve bought while it’s still fresh.

Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way ___58___ will make them the most money. If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s ___59___ they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed.

Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the ___60___ (criticize) that they lead to waste. Consumers prefer money off individual items. However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes ___61___ (offer) in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn’t want to eat them every day.

If your supermarket sells loose produce, then buying smaller quantities is easier. Over the last two years, some supermarkets ___62___ (start) selling chicken or salad in packs ___63___ (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份). Then, when you use one section, ___64___ other stays fresh.

Who knows, perhaps some of the more forward-looking ___65___ (one) may yet come out with a whole range of “just for you” pack sizes with special offers as well.

【答案解析】

56. to benefit。考查非谓语动词。句子主语buying extra意思是“额外多买些东西”，其后接不定式 to benefit from price reductions（为了从降价中获益）表目的。句意：然而，假若只需购买一件商品，为了从降价中获得好处而额外多买些东西就变得毫无意义。

57. or。考查并列连词。根据句首的either可知，空格处应填or，构成either...or...结构。句意：要么是买的东西太重无法带回家，要么就是所买的东西在保鲜期内无法用完。

58. that / which。考查定语从句。注意句中的price不是名词，而是动词（因为后面接有宾语goods），也就是说前面的they price goods in the way是一个完整的句子，由此可知空格处应该填一个引导从句的“引导词”，同时由于空格后是谓语动词will make，所以空格处所填的引导词是用作主语，由此可断定只能填关系代词that或which。句意：当然，商店并非慈善机构——他们会按照获利最大化的方式对商品定价。

59. what。考查连接代词。所填之词引导表语从句，且在从句中用作动词promote的宾语，故只能填what。句意：假若大多数顾客都乐意购买更大量的商品，他们（商家）就会推广这一做法。

60. criticism。考查构词法。根据空格前的定冠词可知，所填之词应为名词，即填criticize的派生名词criticism。句意：很多超市不再进行“买一送一”的促销活动，因为有人指责这样做会造成浪费。

61. be offered。考查被动语态。根据句意，其中的they指代sausages（香肠）。很显然，这里的they (=sausages)与offer（提供）之间为被动关系，故要用被动语态。由于是用于情态动词could的后面，所以填be offered。句意：不过，尽管买一包香肠可以省下几毛钱也还不错，但要是可以提供更小的包装会更好。

62. have started。考查动词时态。根据句首的over the last years可知，句子应用现在完成时，即填have started。句意：过去两年，一些超市开始销售包装的鸡肉或沙拉，并将其设计成分开两半进行包装。

63. designed。考查非谓语动词。因packs与动词design之间为被动关系，故用过去分词designed。句意：一些超市开始销售包装的鸡肉或沙拉，并将其设计成分开两半进行包装。

64. the。考查定冠词的用法。根据前文的two halves可知，这里使用的是one...the other结构。句意：然后，使用其中一半的同时，另一半还可以保持新鲜。

65. ones。考查代词的复数。根据空格前的some of...可知，这里的one应用复数形式，即填ones。句意：谁知道呢，也许一些更有远见的人可能还会推出一系列“只为你而设计”的包装尺寸，并同时提供特别优惠。

2023年语法填空题汇编

▲2023新全国卷1

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, ___56___ (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether ___57___ (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), ___58___ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue.

Shanghai may be the ___59___ (recognize) home of the soup dumpling, but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long Bao’s birthplace. There you will find them prepared differently — more dumpling and less soup — and the wrappers are pressed ___60___ hand rather than rolled.

Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ___61___ (lift) out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of ___62___ (they) contents. The meat should be fresh with ___63___ touch of sweetness, and the surrounding soup hot, clear and delicious.

No matter where I buy them, though, one steamer is ___64___ (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, and so I am always left ___65___ (want) more next time.

答案：56. tasty  57. to bite  58. or  59. recognized  60. by  61. to be lifted  62.their

63. a  64. rarely  65.wanting

【答案解析】

56. tasty。考查名词派生为形容词。由于是用于名词前作定语，所以要用其派生形容词tasty。注意不要认为这里的taste是谓语动词，因为后面有谓语动词are。句意：小笼包又称为汤饺，其精致的面皮有着令人惊叹的外面结构，其中包裹着热乎乎的美味汤汁和甜美鲜嫩的肉馅。

57. to bite。考查非谓语动词。连接whether后面出现动词时总是用不定式（不能用现在分词），即填 to bite。句意：要吃小笼包，你必须决定：是先在上面咬个小洞，让里面的汤汁流出来并冒着会溢出外出来的风险，还是把整个饺子放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上炸裂。

58. or。考查并列连词。该空需结合前面的whether来考虑，即构成whether...or...的搭配。这里or后面接的不定式也进一步印证了前面的whether后面要接不定式。句意：要吃小笼包，你必须决定：是先在上面咬个小洞，让里面的汤汁流出来并冒着会溢出外出来的风险，还是把整个饺子放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上炸裂。

59. recognized。考查非谓语动词。根据空格前的定冠词the以及空格后的名词home可知，空格处应填一个能作定语的词语。要用动词recognize放在名词前作前置定语只有两种可能，要么用现在分词（表主动），要么用过去分词（表被动），根据句意这里显然是表被动意义（即“被公认的”），故填recognized。句意：上海可能是大家公认的小笼包发源地，但是美食历史学家会告诉你，汤饺的诞生地是邻近的江南水乡南翔

60. by。考查介词用法。by hand表示方式，意为“用手”“手工”。句意：在南翔，你会发现汤饺的做法有所不同——饺子多，汤少——而且饺子皮是用手压成的而不是擀面杖擀出来的。

61. to be lifted。考查非谓语动词。这里涉及动词allow的搭配，即“allow+宾语+不定式”，考虑到them与lift之间为被动关系，故填不定式的被动式，即填to be lifted。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包的面皮都很劲道，可以让其从蒸笼里拿出来而不会撕裂或洒出里面的东西。

62. their。考查代词用法。由于空格后有名词contents，所以空格处只能填形容词性物主代词，即填their。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包的面皮都很劲道，可以让其从蒸笼里拿出来而不会撕裂或洒出里面的东西。

63. a。考查冠词用法。固定搭配a touch of意思是“少量的”“一点儿”“一丝”，即填a。句意：肉馅一定要新鲜，带有一丝甜味，汤汁一定要滚烫，清澈且美味。

64. rarely。考查副词用法。用于修饰形容词enough，故要用副词，即填rarely。句意：无论我在哪里买小笼包，一笼屉只是勉强够吃，而两笼屉又显得有点贪心。

65. wanting。考查非谓语动词。考虑到句子前面已有谓语动词am left，所以want只可能是非谓语形式，根据句意，此处宜填现在分词表示伴随，即填wanting。句意：我总是想着下次要多吃些。

【注】本题的全文翻译参见 https://www.cpsenglish.com/article/1188

▲2023新全国卷2

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Whenever I tell people that I teach English at the Berlin Zoo, I almost always get a questioning look. Behind it, the person is trying to figure out who exactly I teach…the animals?

Since June 2017, right before the ___36___ (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and ___37___ (confidence) speaking English. And who do they speak English ___38___?

Not the pandas, even though ___39___ language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. They talk to the flood of international tourists and to ___40___ (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. They also need to be ready to give ___41___ (interview) in English with international journalists. This is ___42___ they need an English trainer.

So, what are they learning? ___43___ (basic), how to describe a panda’s life. It’s been an honor to watch the panda programme develop ___44___ to see the pandas settle into their new home. As a little girl, I ___45___ (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. Now, I’m living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English.

【答案解析】

36. arrival。考查动词派生为名词。根据空格前的定冠词以及空格后的介词of可知，空格处只能填名词，即填arrival。句意：自2017年6月开始，就在两只新来的大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”抵达之前，我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员在说英语时更自然和更自信。

37. confident。考查名词对应的形容词。and连接两个并列的形容词（comfortable和confident）用作系动词feel的表语，即填confident。句意：自2017年6月开始，就在两只新来的大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”抵达之前，我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员在说英语时更自然和更自信。

38. with。考查介词用法。根据句意，这里是指“他们同谁说英语”。speak English with sb意思是“同某人说英语”。句意：他们是要和谁说英语呢?

39. the。考查定冠词。根据language后面的修饰语used for the medical training instruction可知，空格处应填定冠词表特指。句意：当然不是跟熊猫说英语，尽管医疗训练指令使用的语言实际上就是英语。

40. visiting。考查非谓语动词。此处填的visiting其实是由现在分词转化来的形容词，意思是“来访的”“访问的”。句意：他们要与大量的国际游客以及来访的中国动物园管理员交谈。

41. interviews。考查名词复数。由于interview是可数名词，其前没有适当的限定词，所以应用复数形式（否则就成了“光杆名词”），即填interviews。句意：他们还需要准备好用英语接受国际记者的采访。相关补充用法可参考：https://www.cpsenglish.com/question/62334

42. why。考查连接副词。根据句子结构可知，空格处应填一个表语从句的引导词；再结合上文，此处应填why。句意：这就是他们为什么需要英语培训师的原因。

43. Basically。考查构词法。根据句子结构，所填之词是用作状语，故应填副词，即填Basically（注意句首需要大写）。句意：那他们学些什么呢？基本上是如何描述大熊猫的生活。

44. and。考查连词的用法。此处用并列连词and连接两个并列的不定式to watch the panda programme develop和to see the pandas settle into their new home。句意：能够见证大熊猫项目的进展并看到大熊猫逐渐适应它们的新家，这是我的荣幸。

45. wished。考查动词时态。根据前面的时间状语（As a little girl=当我还是个小女孩时）以及后面时间状语（when I grew up）可知，此处的wish应用一般过去时，即填wished。句意：当我还是个小女孩时，我就希望自己长大后能成为一名动物园饲养员。

▲2023老全国卷1

Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the modern. From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong ___41___ royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully ___42___ (build) system of ring roads.

But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place ___43___ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural ___44___ (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.

It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work, ___45___ somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination. ___46___ (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I ___47___ (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. As a photographer, I have spent the last two years ___48___ (record) everything I discovered.

The ___49___ (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, ___50___ (mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.

【答案解析】

41. to。考查介词用法。注意句首的From Buddhist temples to museums（从佛教寺庙到博物馆），这里使用了from...to...搭配；后面的narrow hutong ___41___ royal palaces其实与前面的短语是并列的，意思是“从狭窄的胡同到皇家宫殿”，只不过后面的短语省略了from，所以空格处填to。

42. built。考查非谓语动词。由于system of ring roads与build之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词，即填built。句意：这座城市一直保留着其精心建造的环路。

43. that / which。考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少引导定语从句并在从句中作主语的关系代词。先行词为place，故可填that / which。句意：北京也是一个欢迎现代生活且快速发展的地方。

44. wonders。考查名词复数。因空格前有形容词修饰，所以wonder在此为名词，而非动词。又因为wonder为可数名词且其前没有适合的限定词修饰，所以应用复数形式（否则就成了“光杆名词”），即填wonders。句意：……21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并排而立。

45.yet / but。考查连词用法。因空格前的a distinct visual contrast that shouldn't work 与空格后的these two very different worlds make a good combination 构成转折关系，故此处应用转折连词yet/but。

46. Having visited。考查非谓语动词。由于句子主语I与动词visit之间是主动关系，再根据时间状语over the last 10 years可知，空格处应填现在分词的完成式，即填Having visited。句意：在过去的10年里，我参观了好几次，对这座城市的新旧包容感到惊讶。

47. was amazed。考查被动语态。根据空格处后面的介词 by可知，主语I与动词 amaze 之间为被动关系，再根据本句中的 was able to可知，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态。句意：我对这座城市的新旧包容感到惊讶。

48. recording。考查非谓语动词。本句使用的是spend...(in) doing sth（意为“花费……做某事）句式，故填recording。句意：作为一名摄影师，我在过去的两年里记录了我所发现的一切。

49. remarkable。考查构词法。根据空格前的定词以及空格后的名词可知，空格处应用形容词修饰其后的名词development，故填 remarkable。

50. means。考查动词时态。分析句子结构可知，句首的短语The ___49___ (remark) development of this city是句子主语，其后which...是非限制性定语从句，所以空格处的动词其实是谓语动词。根据句子语境和前后时态，此处的动词应用一般现在时，即填means。句意：……这意味着这里总是有新的东西可以发现，我可以在接下来的50年里拍摄北京。

▲2023老全国卷2

For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) ___41___ (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom. Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop’s fables date to the ___42___ (six) century, B. C. Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, ___43___ Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow. ”

Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fable. In fact, her style and tone (口吻) are seemingly directed at children. “There was once a town in the heart of America ___44___ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, ___45___ (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables. Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message ___46___ (intend) for everyone.

___47___ (difference) from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility ___48___ saving their environment.

The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Carson’s theme is a more weighty ___49___ (warn) about environmental destruction. Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still ___ 50___ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths.

【答案解析】

41. to teach。考查非谓语动词。此处用不定式表示目的（即做目的状语）。另外or后面的不定式to pass也给出了提示，即这里的连词or连接的两个用作目的状语的不定式。句意：几千年来，人们讲寓言故事就是为了让人们吸取教训或传授智慧。

42. sixth。考查序数词。人们说“6世纪”，其实是指“第6个世纪”（类似地，人们说80大寿，其实是指第80个生日），所以填序数词。句意：寓言是许多早期文化口头传承的一部分，著名的伊索寓言可以追溯到公元前6世纪。

43. as。考查从属连词。这里用as引导方式状语从句（正如，以…方式，像…一样）。句意：如雷切尔·卡森在《明日寓言》中所说，寓言的形式至今仍有其价值。

44. where。考查定语从句。先行词为地点，故填关系副词where。句意：美国心脏地带曾有一个小镇，那里的所有生命似乎都能与周围的环境和平相处。

45. borrowing。考查非谓语动词。因动词borrow与句子主语her fable之间为主动关系，故用现在分词，即填borrowing。句意：她的寓言一开头就借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词语。

46. intended。考查非谓语动词。本句是一个倒装句，不倒装的句子为：However, a serious message ___46___ (intend) for everyone is behind the simple style. 因serious message和动词intend之间是动宾关系，填填过去分词intended（此处的过去分词短语作后置定语修饰message）。句意：然而，这简单的风格背后传递的是严肃的内容——每个人都要这样做。

47. Different。考查构词法。此处涉及搭配be different from（与……不同）。句意：与传统寓言不同，卡森的故事以指责结尾而非以寓意结尾。

48. for。考查介词用法。此处涉及固定搭配take responsibility for（承担……的责任）。句意：她告诫人们必须承担起保护环境的责任。

49. warning。考查构词法。根据空格前的定语a more weighty可知，空格处应填一个名词，填warn的名词形式为warning。句意：卡森的主题是对破坏环境发出的更严肃的警告。

50. be employed。考查被动语态。can后的动词为动词原形，那就要考虑语态，是被动还是主动。因句子主语a simple literary form与动词employ之间为被动关系，所故用被动语态，即填be employed。句意：卡森证实，一种流传很长时间的简单的文学形式今天仍可用来吸引人们对重要事实的注意。

▲2023北京卷

A

阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

Every culture is riddled with unwritten rules, such as ones on punctuality (守时). I’m British. Soon after moving to Switzerland, I ___11___ (throw) a house-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up ___12___ (exact) on time. Years later, having moved to France, I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest___13___ (arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit.

【答案解析】

11. threw。考查动词时态。根据后边的was surprised以及showed up可知，此处应填一般过去时，即填threw。句意：在搬到瑞士不久后，我举办了一个新家乔迁聚会，令我大感惊讶的是，所有30名客人都准时到达。（注：有的版本提供的答案为would throw，显然与本段陈述的已发生的情况不相符合）

12. exactly。考查形容词派生为副词。注意此处的副词exactly是修饰后面的介词短语on time，而不是修饰动词show up。句意：所有30名客人都准时到达。

13. had arrived。考查动词时态。此处的语境是描述过去发生的事情，因此基础时态为一般过去时，但空格处要用过去完成时，因为此处是指arrive的动作发生在find之前，即发生在过去的过去，故填had arrived。句意：多年后，当我搬到法国时，我按照约定的时间赴约参加晚餐，却发现其他客人都还没有到，当时女主人还穿着睡衣。

B

阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

Mangroves, known as “red forest” in China, grow between land and sea, characterised by their complex roots. When ___14___ (see) from afar, the mangrove forests appear more splendid.

Mangroves can help soften waves and protect ___15___ (city) from coastal winds. For these reasons, they are praised as “coastal guardians”. Up to now, China ___16___ (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves.

【答案解析】

14. seen。考查非谓语动词。因the mangrove forests与动词see之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词（相当于被动语态When they are seen from afar的省略）。句意：从远处看，红树林显得更壮观。

15. cities。考查名词复数。由于city是可数名词，其前没有适当的限定词，所以应用复数形式（否则就成了“光杆名词”），即填cities。句意：红树林可以帮助缓冲波浪，保护城市免受海风的危害。

16. has established。考查动词时态。根据语境以及时间状语Up to now可知，此处应用现在完成时，即填has established。句意：截至目前，中国已经建立了许多红树林保护区。

C

阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

Nina has run marathons in 32 countries. All of her runs have a guiding purpose: to call attention ___17___ global water issues. Nina recently finished her year-long series of runs in Chicago, ___18___ thousands were attending a water conference. She called for action ___19___ (address) the struggles of people around the world ___20___ (face) “too little water or too dirty water”. Her efforts have encouraged others to take part by running through a global campaign called “Run Blue”.

【答案解析】

17. to。考查介词用法。此处涉及短语搭配call / pay attention to sth（关注某事），故填介词to。句意：她每次参跑都有一个重要目的：呼吁关注全球的水资源问题。

18. where。考查定语从句。因先行词表地点，所以用关系副词where来引导非限制性定语从句，即填where。句意：最近，妮娜在芝加哥完成了为期一年的系列马拉松活动，在那里数千人参加了一场水资源会议。

19. to address。考查非谓语动词。这里填不定式to address（解决）是用作call for action的目的（即不定式用作目的状语）。句意：她呼吁采取行动以解决全球面临的“水资源过少或水质污染”问题。

20. facing。考查非谓语动词。因句子结构完整，不缺谓语，因此这里的face只能作为非谓语处理，又因为动词face与和people之间是主谓关系，指人们面临某问题，所以填现在分词facing。句意：她呼吁采取行动以解决全球面临的“水资源过少或水质污染”问题。

▲2023浙江卷1

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

During China's dynastic period, emperors planned the city of Beijing ___56___ the residential areas according to social classes. The term “hutong”, ___57___ (original) meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty.

In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, ___58___ (surround) in concentric (同心的) circles by the Inner City and Outer City. Citizens of higher social classes ___59___ (permit) to live closer to the center of the circles. The large siheyuan of these high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often ___60___ (feature) beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars (柱子). The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by ___61___ (space) homes and walled gardens. Farther from the center lived the commoners and laborers. Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and ___62___ (simple) in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower.

Hutongs represent an important cultural element of the city of Beijing. Thanks to Beijing's long history ___63___ capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic ___64___ (event). In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the SummerPalace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect ___65___ culture of grassroots Beijingers.

【答案解析】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了不同朝代的胡同文化，反映了草根北京人的文化。

56. and。考查并列连词。前文的planned与后文的arranged为并列的顺承关系，故填and。句意：皇帝们在规划北京的城市时根据社会阶层来划分居住区。

57. originally。考查形容词派生为副词。因用于修饰动词meaning，故要用副词，即填originally。句意：“胡同”一词，在蒙古语中意为“水井”，最早出现在元代。

58. surrounded。考查非谓语动词。因the Forbidden City与surround之间为被动关系，故填过去分词，即填surrounded。句意：在明朝，中心是紫禁城，由内城和外城围成一个同心圆。

59. were permitted。考查被动语态。因主语Citizens与谓语动词permit之间为被动关系，再根据上下文所用的一般过去时态，可推知此处应填一般过去时的被动语态，即填were permitted。句意：社会阶层较高的公民被允许住在离同心圆中心更近的地方。

60. featured。考查动词时态。根据句子结构和句意可知，空白处为谓语动词，同时根据上下文所用的一般过去时态，可推知此处应填一般过去时态，即填featured。注意后面的carved 和painted 是过去分词作定语修饰roof beams and pillars。句意：这些高级官员和富商的大型四合院通常以雕刻精美且粉刷漂亮的房顶横梁和柱子为特点。

61. spacious。考查名词派生为形容词。因空格后为名词homes，说明此处应space的相应形容词，即填spacious。句意：由此形成的胡同井然有序，两旁是宽敞的房屋和有围墙的花园。

62. simpler / more simple。考查形容词比较级。空格前的and连两个比较级，即前面的比较级smaller 与后面的simpler或more simple构成并列结构。句意：他们的四合院规模小得多，设计和装饰也简单得多，胡同也窄得多。

63. as。考查介词。根据语境和常识来理解，此空宜填介词as（作为）。句意：这要归功于北京作为中国首都的悠久历史。

64. events。考查名词复数。根据上文的some（一些）可知event应用复数形式。句意：有些甚至与历史性事件有关。

65. the。考查冠词。用于特指草根北京人的文化，故填定冠词the。句意：胡同反映了草根北京人的文化。

注：这里只收录2023浙江卷1的语法填空。2023浙江卷2的语法填空与2023新全国卷1的语法填相同，参见2023新全国卷1。 

2022年语法填空题汇编

  ▲2022新全国卷1

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park (GPNP). ___56___ (cover) an area about three times ___57___ size of YellowstoneNational Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ___58___ (be) previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to ___59___ (increase) effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.

After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP ___60___ (design) to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity (完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, ___61___ leaving behind precious natural assets (资产) for future generations”. The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate ___62___ (population) and homes of giant pandas, and ___63___ (eventual) achieve a desired level of population in the wild.

Giant pandas also serve ___64___ an umbrella species (物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ___65___ live within the GiantPandaRange and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.

【参考答案】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍中国政府决定建立的大熊猫国家公园(GPNP)的计划。

56. Covering。考查非谓语动词。句意：大熊猫国家公园的面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，这将成为中国首批国家公园之一。因cover与句子的逻辑主语the GPNP之间为主动关系（同时注意其后跟有宾语an area），故填空现在分词形式，又由于在句首，故要大写首字母，即填Covering。

57. the。考查冠词用法。句意：大熊猫国家公园的面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，这将成为中国首批国家公园之一。特指Yellowstone National Park的大小，故填定冠词。同时注意英语常用结构“倍数+ the size/width/length/height of”。

58. were。考查时态与主谓一致。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，同时将许多现有的大熊猫保护区置于一个管理机构之下，以提高效率并减少管理上的不一致性。空格前的that为关系代词，引导限制性定语从句，先行词为a significant number of areas，根据“previously (之前地)”可知从句的时态应为一般过去时，再根据主谓一致，从句谓语动词应用复数，故填were。

59. to increase。考查非谓语动词。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。根据句意，所填内容为目的状语，故用不定式形式，即填to increase。

60. is designed。考查时态和语态。句意：成立大熊猫国家公园是为了贯彻“保护自然生态系统的原真性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，给子孙后代留下珍贵的自然资产”这一指导性原则。所填内容在句中作谓语，且与句子主语The GPNP之间为被动关系，故考虑用被动语态；又因为此处是叙述客观事实，故用一般现在时，即填is designed。

61. and。考查连词用法。句意：成立大熊猫国家公园是为了贯彻“保护自然生态系统的原真性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，给子孙后代留下珍贵的自然资产”这一指导性原则。此处前后为并列关系，故用and，即填and。

62. populations。考查名词复数。句意：建立大熊猫国家公园的主要目的是要改善不同大熊猫种群与大熊猫家园的连接性，并最终达到一个期望的野生种群数量。空格处与and后的复数名词homes为并列关系，故population (种群)用复数形式，即填populations。

63. eventually。考查副词用法。句意：建立大熊猫国家公园的主要目的是要改善不同大熊猫种群与大熊猫家园的连接性，并最终达到一个期望的野生种群数量。修饰动词achieve，应用副词形式，即填eventually。

64. as。考查介词用法。句意：大熊猫还是一种伞护物种，对中国西南和西北地区的大量动植物起着保护作用。serve as为固定搭配，意思是“起……的作用”“充当”，即填as。

65. that。考查定语从句关系词。句意：大熊猫国家公园旨在为生活在大熊猫栖息地范围内的所有物种提供更有力的保护，并大大改善该地区生态系统的健康程度。根据句意和句子结构，设空处应填关系代词引导限制性定语从句，此处的先行词为species，且且先行词前为all修饰，故填关系代词that，即填that。

▲2022新全国卷2

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the ___56___ (fall) child.

Eric Brown, only three years old, knocked Henry down when he fell. The boy is in the hospital and doctors say he’ll be OK.

___57___ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell ___58___ (sleep) while watching TV.

Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ___59___ (see) them. When he looked down, he ___60___ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge. He hung on for a few minutes ___61___ screamed for his father, but his father didn’t hear him.

Henry ___62___ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly ___63___ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out.

“He saved my ___64___ (son) life,” said Mrs. Brown. “I don’t know ___65___ to thank him.”

“I just didn’t want the boy to be hurt,” said Henry.

【参考答案】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述正在修车的Henry拯救了挂在六楼公寓的阳台上即将要掉下来的小孩Eric的故事。

56. falling。考查非谓语动词。句意：当亨利看到一个幼孩挂在六楼公寓的阳台上时，他跑了100米，跳过了1.2米高的栅栏，伸出双臂去接住要掉下来的孩子。空格前为定冠词，空格后为名词，说明所填之词是用于名词前作定语，而能用于名词前作定语的动词形式只有两种——现在分词（表主动和进行）和过去分词（表被动和完成），根据句意，此处是指正在往下掉的孩子，故用现在分词，即填falling。

57. The。考查冠词用法。句意：布朗一家住在多伦多郊外的一栋公寓楼里。用Brown family 这类结构表示“某某一家人”时，其前要用定冠词，即填The。

58. asleep。考查形容词。句意：他们俩在看电视时都睡着了。空格前的fall为系动词，后面应接形容词作表语，即填asleep。fall asleep为固定搭配，意为“熟睡的”。

59. to see。考查非谓语动词。句意：他把一把椅子推到阳台上，爬上去看他们。根据句意，此处应填空不定式作目的状语，即填to see。

60. accidentally。考查副词用法。句意：当他往下看时，不小心滑了一跤，从阳台边上翻了出去。所填内容用于修饰动词slipped，故要用副词形式，即填accidentally。

61. and。考查连词用法。句意：他抓住阳台边缘坚持了几分钟，大声叫喊他父亲，但他父亲没有听到他。根据句子结构，空格处应填连词，连接hung和screamed两个动作。根据句意，此处表示并列关系，故填and。

62. was fixing。考查动词时态。句意：听到尖叫声时，亨利正在修车。根据后面的when he heard the screams可知，空格处的动作是正在发生，同时考虑到此处是在描述过去的情况，故使用过去进行时，即填was fixing。

63. threw。考查动词时态。句意：他迅速把工具扔到一边，伸出胳膊跑了过去。根据句子结构可知，空格处与后面的started构成并列结构，故前后应使用相同的时态，即用一般过去时，故填threw。

64. son’s。考查名词所有格。句意：他拯救了我儿子的生命。因life与son之间为所属关系，故要用名词所有格，即填son’s。

65. how。考查连接副词。句意：我不知道如何感谢他。根据句意，空格处应填how（如何），即填how。

▲2022老全国卷1

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially ___61___ the United Nations on November 27th, 2019. To celebrate ___62___ festival, a number of events took place at the ChineseBusinessmanMuseum in Beijing on Thursday.

The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society ___63___ (address) the opening ceremony. “As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the ___64___ (large) tea-producing country, China has a ___65___ (responsible) to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. It can help to build a community with a ___66___ (share) future for mankind,” he said.

The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued (发布) at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation ___67___ cultural exchanges. A four-year tea promotion — Tea Road Cooperative Plan — was also issued in accordance with the initiative.

___68___ (strengthen) the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, ___69___ (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.

The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled（揭幕）at the ceremony, opening ___70___ (it) first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth — A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea.

【参考答案】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了为了庆祝第一个国际茶日，中国商会博物馆所举办的一系列活动。

61. by。考查介词用法。句意：今年的5月21日是第一个国际茶叶节，这是联合国于2019年11月27日正式命名的。根据句中的被动语态was named，其后应用by来引出动作执行者，即填by。

62. the。考查冠词用法。句意：为庆祝这一节日，周四在北京的中国商人博物馆举行了一系列活动。特指International Tea Day这一节日，其前用定冠词，即填the。

63. addressed。考查动词时态。句意：中国文化促进会主席在开幕式上致辞。搭配过去的情况，用一般过去时，即填addressed。

64. largest。考查形容词最高级。句意：作为国际茶叶节的主要推动方以及茶叶的发源地及最大的产茶国，中国有责任与其他国家合作，促进茶业的健康发展。根据常识以及空格前的定冠词可知，中国是最大产茶国，所以用形容词的最高级形式，即填largest。

65. responsibility。考查形容词的派生用法。句意：中国有责任与其他国家合作，促进茶业的健康发展。根据空格前的不定冠词可知，空格处应填名词形式，即填responsibility。

66. shared。考查非谓语动词。句意：这有助于构建人类命运共同体。此处的空格前为不定冠词，空格后为名词，这说明所填之词是用作定语，而动词share要想用作定语，只有两种可能——要么是现在分词（表主动和进行），要么是过去分词（表被动和完成），根据句意，此处是指future被共享，即填过去分词shared。

67. and。考查连词用法。句意：在仪式上发布的《首届国际茶叶日-茶叶之路合作倡议书》呼吁从事茶业的人们团结一起，以促进国际合作和文化交流。这里的international cooperation与cultural exchanges为并列成分，用作动词promote的宾语，故填并列连词and。

68. To strengthen。考查非谓语动词。句意：为加强与年轻人的联系，此次活动还在社交媒体上进行了一些公开的宣传活动，邀请二十九位来自世界各地的茶叶专业人士进行了三十六小时的不间断直播。根据句意，此处是要表达“为了加强与年轻人的联系”，故要用不定式作目的状语，即填To strengthen。

69. inviting。考查非谓语动词。句意：为加强与年轻人的联系，此次活动还在社交媒体上进行了一些公开的宣传活动，邀请二十九位来自世界各地的茶叶专业人士进行了三十六小时的不间断直播。此处考查非谓语动词的用法，因逻辑主语the event与动词invite之间为主动关系，故用现在分词，即填inviting。

70. its。考查代词用法。句意：中国古代茶叶博物馆在仪式上正式揭幕，同时开启了其首展：真理之路——普洱茶特展。因用于名词exhibition前作定语，故要用形容词性物主代词，即填its。

▲2022老全国卷2

阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.

A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, aha first step ___61___ (journey ) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot.

On the 1,100-kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ___62___ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces. Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for Interactional Cooperation ___63___ (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. ___64___ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.

Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental ___65___ (protect). Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ___66___ (meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey.

In the last five cars. Cao ___67___ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s ___68___ (high ) mountain.

Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4,700 kilometers ___69___ Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, ___70___ (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months.

【参考答案】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述一个失明的北京男子曹盛康徒步旅行一带一路的事情。

61. to journey。考查非谓语动词。句意：最近，一名来自北京有视力障碍的男子徒步40天到达西安，开启了徒步旅行“一带一路”的第一步。这里的journey为动词（意为“旅行”），因step前面有序数词，故其后应用不定式作后置定语，即填to journey。

62. who。考查定语从句。句意：在这1100公里的旅程中，这位在8岁时因车祸而失明的男子曹晟康穿越了三个省的40个城市和县城。根据空格后的物主代词his可知，空格处应填一个表示“人”的词语，再根据句子结构和句意，空格处应填关系代词who，引导非限制性定语从句，即填who。

63. held。考查非谓语动词。句意：受到在北京举行的“一带一路”国际合作论坛的启发，曹晟康决定以徒步的方式走完这段路，向古丝绸之路致敬。因the Belt and Road Forum for Interactional Cooperation与hold之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词，即填held。

64. A。考查冠词用法。句意：他的一个朋友吴凡自愿在旅途中与他作伴。根据句意可知，此处泛指“他的一个朋友”，应用不定冠词，即填A。

65. protection。考查动词的派生为名词。句意：曹晟康和吴凡还在沿路收集垃圾，以促进环境保护。根据句意和空前的形容词environmental可知，空格处应填名词protection，即填protection。

66. meaningful。考查名词派生为形容词。句意：曹晟康认为这将使徒步旅行更有意义。此处要填形容词meaningful，原则有二：一是make后面接形容词作宾补，二是空格前的more（用于构成比较级），故填meaningful。

67. has walked。考查动词时态。句意：在过去的五年里，曹晟康走过了六大洲的34个国家。根据时间状语in the last five years可知，此处应用现在完成时，即填has walked。

68. highest。考查形容词最高级。句意：他在2016年登上了非洲最高峰乞力马扎罗山的山顶。根据常识以及空格前Africa’s可知，此处应填形容词最高级，即填highest。

69. from。考查介词用法。句意：9月20日，他从西安飞往喀什，行程4,700公里，计划用五个月的时间徒步返回西安。根据句意和Xi’an to Kashgar 可知，此处是指“从西安飞往喀什”，填介词from，注意搭配from…to…，即填from。

70. planning。考查非谓语动词。句意：9月20日，他从4700公里外的西安飞到了喀什，计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。因动词plan与主语He之间为主谓关系，用现在分词，故填planning。

▲2022北京卷

A

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

Helen was walking down the street late ___11___ the evening, her arms filled with grocery bags. Focused on balancing the bags, she didn’t notice her wallet falling out of her pocket. As Helen walked on, she heard a man charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an intention ___12___ (harm) her, Helen started to run. Eventually, the man ___13___ (catch) up with her, and he was only trying to return her wallet!

【参考答案】

11. in。考查介词用法。句意：深夜，海伦抱着购物袋走在街上。in the evening（在晚上）为固定搭配，即填in。

12. to harm。考查非谓语动词。句意：海伦担心他可能有意伤害她，便开始快跑。注意搭配have an intention to do sth（有意向做某事）为固定搭配，其中的不定式作后置定语，即填to harm。

13. caught。考查动词时态。句意：最终，那个男人追上了她，他只是想把她的钱包还给她！根据空格前后句子用的一般过去时，可知此处是在描述过去情况，故填过去式caught。

B

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

Why do humans prefer some smells over others? One theory, increasingly ___14___ (support) by experts, suggests that smell preferences are learned. It’s easy to explain how we determine ___15___ smells are dangerous or not: we learn. This has been adopted to ensure easier detection of gas leaks. Gas naturally ___16___ (have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell associated with danger.

【参考答案】

14. supported。考查非谓语动词。句意：越来越多的专家支持的一种理论认为，气味偏好是后天习得的。根据空格后的by experts可知，此处的意思是“被专家们支持”，所以空格处应用过去分词表被动，即填supported。

15. whether。考查宾语从句的引导词。句意：很容易解释我们如何判断气味是否危险：我们可以学习。由于动词determine后面是一个完整的句子，所以空格处应填一个引导从句的引导词，根据句意（尤其是句末的or not）可知，空格处填whether最为合适。

16. has。考查时态和主谓一致。句意：气体本来没有可识别的味道。根据句子语境以及前后时态，此处应用一般现在时，再加上主语为单数第三人称，故填has。

C

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

Since people can’t always eat out or cook for ___17___ (they), they get takeout or order delivery. More takeout and more food delivery equal more waste, especially plastic waste. That includes cups, bottles, and bags, most of ___18___ are only good for one use. That’s a big problem and it is getting even ___19___ (bad). The use of those plastics ___20___ (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues.

【参考答案】

17. themselves。考查反身代词。句意：由于人们不可能总是在外面吃饭或者自己做饭，所以他们就叫外卖。由于空格处所填代词是用于回指前面的句子主语people，所以这个代词要用反身代词形式，即填themselves。

18. which。考查定语从句。句意：这包括杯子、瓶子和袋子，其中大多数（东西）都是一次性的。从句意上看，most of后面应填them，但考虑到这是个非限制性定语从句，故应填关系代词which。

19. worse。考查比较级。句意：这是个大问题，而且越来越糟。even（甚至）通常用于修饰比较级前，故填worse。

20. has increased。考查动词时态。句意：自2019年以来，那些塑料制品的使用已经增加了300%。根据句中since 2019可知空格处应用现在完成时，即填has increased。

▲2022浙江卷1

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics ___56___ are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change. Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like—frequently by plane — ___57___ (view) as important for scientists to get together and exchange information. But Cobb and others ___58___ (be) now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely, and ___59___ (change) their personal behavior to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis. On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, ___60___ (rough) 200 academics—many of them climate scientists ___61___ (promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.

Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak___62___ she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of ___63___ time, they agreed. When the answer, was no, she, declined the ___64___ (invite). That approach brought Cobb’s air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans ___65___ (continue) the practice. “It has been fairly rewarding.” she says, “a really positive change.”

【参考答案】

56. who。考查引导定语从句的关系代词。从句子结构看，a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta为插入语，可考虑暂时撇开不看。整个句子的主语是Kim Cobb，谓语动词是is，其后的one of...为表语。从空格开始后面的成分是修饰academics的，也就是说它是一个定语从句；又因为academics（学者）指人，故填关系代词who。

57. is viewed。考查动词的被动语态。从句子结构来看，动名词短语Traveling to conferences…为句子主语；再从句意来看，此处表达的是“经常坐飞机参加会议、讲座、合作等等被视为非常重要”，也就是此处应用被动语态，即填is viewed。

58. are。考查动词时态。根据句意以及空格后的标志词now，再结合其后的现在分词questioning，可以推知这里应用现在进行时，即填are。

59. changing。考查现在分词的用法。注意空格前的并列连词and，它连接的是两个并列的现在分词短语pushing conferences和changing their personal behavior，即填changing。

60. roughly。考查副词用法。修饰数字200，表示“大约”，即填副词roughly。

61. have promised。考查动词时态。根据后文的标志词since可知，此处应用现在完成时，即填have promised。

62. if / whether。考查连接词的用法。此处需根据语境来理解，它表示“问某人是否能做某事”，即涉及ask somebody whether / if he (she) could do something，故填if/ whether。

63. the。这里填定冠词表特指，即指特定时间的“四分之三”。

64. invitation。考查动词派生为名词的用法。根据空格前的定冠词可知，此处应填名词形式，即填invitation。

65. to continue。考查不定式的用法。在动词plan后面要接不定式，故填to do。

▲2022浙江卷2

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

To understand a painting, we’re taught to look for color, composition, and light. But how can a painting ___56___ (appreciate) by someone who’s blind? Through touch, the one thing gallery signs tell you not ___57___ (do). John Olson, a former ___58___ (photograph) and his team turn paintings into fully textured 3D models.

The tactile (可触知的) paintings work as a way to show art to ___59___ blind because we don’t see with just Our eyes: We see with our brains. Research in the field of neuroplasticity—the brain’s adaptability—shows that the visual cortex (大脑皮层) is made active by touch. Blind people recognize shapes with their ___60___ senses, in a way similar to that of ___61___ (sight) people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist.

Luc Gandarias, who’s now thirteen, went blind suddenly ___62___ age seven. When he felt a 3D version of Leonardo da Vinci’s “Mona Lisa” he ___63___ (notice) her smile right away. “I can actually feel what you see when you look at it,” he said.

For Luc, this means ___64___ (independent). “The feeling of being able to see it ___65___ to form my opinion is like breaking down another wall as a blind person.”

【参考答案】

56. be appreciated。考查谓被动语态。由于painting和appreciate之间为被动关系，并且后面有提示词by，所以填be appreciated。

57. to do。考查非谓语动词。此处涉及搭配tell sb (not) to do sth，所以填to do。

58. photographer。考查动词派生为名词。由于空格前有不定冠词和形容词former，所以空格处应填photograph的派生名词photographer。

59. the。考查定冠词的用法。“the+形容词”表示一类人，在这里the blind表示“盲人”，即填the。

60. existing。考查现在分词。由于空格前有物主代词，后面有名词senses，这说明空格处应填动词的现在分词（表主动）或过去分词（表被动）作定语，由于exist是不及物动词，所以只能用现在分词（其实在此已转化为形容词）。

61. sighted。考查词性变化。这里的sighted为形容词，意思是“有视力的”“看得见的”，与前文的 blind 形成对比。

62. at。考查介词用法。“at age+数字”意思是“在几岁时”，故填at。

63. noticed。考查动词时态。根据空格前后句子所用时态可知，这里是在描述过去的情况，故用一般过去时，即填noticed。

64. independence。考查形容词派生为名词。由于是用作动词means的宾语，故要用名词形式，即填independence。

65. and。考查连词的用法。用于连接两个并列的的不定式to see it和to form my opinion，故填and。

2021年语法填空题汇编

▲2021新全国卷1（山东等省）

Going to MountHuangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles’ song “The Long and Winding Road”. ___56___ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we ___57___ (human) are.

The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will ___58___ (undoubted) help you get refreshed! The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the ___59___ (hot) the spring! Strange, isn’t it? But that’s how nature is—always leaving us ___60___ (astonish).

What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can’t help wondering how hard it ___61___ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place. Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure ___62___ offers a place where you can sit down to rest your ___63___ (ache) legs.

As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in ___64___ (I). While you’re in China, Mount Huang shan is ___65___ must to visit!

【参考答案】

56. 填 What。因主语从句缺主语，故填复合型连接代词what（=the thing that）。

57. 填 humans。根据空格后的复数动词可知，用作主语同位语的human要用复数形式的humans。

58. 填 undoubtedly。修饰动词，要用副词形式，故填undoubtedly。

59. 填 hotter。考查“the+比较级，the+比较级（越…就越…）”句式。

60. 填 astonished。表示人感到吃惊，要用-ed形容词，故填astonished。

61. 填 was。根据句中的then可知，这是在说当时的情况，故用一般过去时。

62. 填 and。and 用于连接两个并列的动作（highlights…和offers…）。

63. 填 aching。所填之词用于修饰名词legs，故应用形容词，即填aching（疼痛的）。

64. 填 mine。这里的 mine 相当于 my memory。It sure does in mine=It sure sticks in my memory.

65. 填 a。此处的must为单数可数名词，意思是“必须做的事情”，故此处填不定冠词a。 

附2021年高考英语新全国卷1语法填空题的全文翻译：

https://www.cpsenglish.com/article/380

▲2021新全国卷2（海南等省）

I’ve always loved the ocean. In the ___56___ (seven) grade, I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California. I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, ___57___ (think) it is food.

I decided to do something ___58___ (educate) people about this problem. I held presentations at schools to teach kids about plastic waste. I wanted to reach businesses too. I decided that if I learned of a company ___59___ used a lot of plastic, I’d send it an email urging it to cut back.

One day, I saw a commercial for a health-care company. People in the ad were using plastic straws (吸管). I found the contact information of the company ___60___ emailed its president. I told him how ___61___ (harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options. I was so___62___ (excite) when he wrote back to me. He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic straws in half.

I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I’d send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to ___63___ (be) Alaska Airlines. A company ___64___ (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over ___65___plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights.

【参考答案】

56. seventh。the seventh grade意思是“七年级”。注意英美国家的“七年级”与我国义务教育的“七年级”有所不同。有关英美国家的基础教育情况，可参考柯帕斯英语网的以下文章：

▲https://www.cpsenglish.com/question/52067

▲https://www.cpsenglish.com/question/52403 

▲https://www.cpsenglish.com/article/498

57. thinking。think的逻辑主语是sea animals，它与动词think之间是主动关系，故填现在分词（作伴随状语）。

58. to educate。此处填不定式，表目的，即do something的目的是“为了……”。

59. which / that。所填之词用于引导定语从句，修饰company。先行词指事物，且关系代词在定语从句中作主语，所以可填which/that（且不可省略）。

60. and。注意空格前后两个形式相同的谓语动词found和emailed，故填并列连词and。

61. harmful。how用于修饰形容词，故填harmful。

62. excited。用于说明人，故填excited（感到激动的）。

63. was。注意I wrote to是定语从句，修饰名词companies，不要误认为to是不定式符号，而在空格处动词原形be。事实上，这里be的主语是one，故要用单数形式，再根据本段前后的时态，可确定本题要填was。

64. representative。根据空格后的谓语动词wrote可知，所填之词是用作主语，同时由于其前有名词作定语，所以要填名词形式的 representative。

65. from。此处填的from与后面的介词to构成from…to…结构。

▲2021老全国卷1

Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact (影响) travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become ___61___ (educate) about the areas—both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the ___62___ (develop) of the local areas.

Ecotourism has ___63___ (it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept ___64___ the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it desirable.

Due to ___65___ growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types ___66___ trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:

●Minimize the impact of ___67___ (visit) the place.

●Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices.

●Provide ___68___ (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.

●Make sure that the tourism provides positive experiences for both the visitors and the hosts.

61. 填 educated。用于系动词become后作表语，要用形容词形式，即填educated（受过教育的）。

62. 填 development。根据空格前的冠词以及空格后的介词短语可知，此处应填名词形式development。

63. 填 its。用于名词origin（起源）前作定语，应用形容词性物主代词，即填its。

64. 填 until。填until，考查not…until（直到…才）句式。

65. 填 the。因空格后的名词受of-短语的修饰而具有特指含义，故填定冠词the。

66. 填 of。考查a type of的用法，various types of trips意为“各种类型的旅行”。

67. 填 visiting。动词用于介词后面作宾语，要用动名词形式，即填visiting。

68. 填 financial。用于名词aid前作定语，故要用形容词形式financial，financial aid意为“经济援助”。

69. 填 Activities。根据空格后的复数动词range可知，此处用作主语的名词activity也要用复数形式activities。

70. 填 to have。aim后接动词时习惯上用不定式，aim to do sth意思是“试图或打算做某事”。

附2021年高考英语老全国卷1语法填空题的全文翻译：

https://www.cpsenglish.com/article/496

▲2021老全国卷2

The Xi’an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China’s long history. It ___41___ (build) originally to protect the city ___42___ the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). It is possible ___43___ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.

We accessed the wall through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people moving inside and outside the City Wall.

After ___44___ (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what ___45___ (good) than to ride on a piece of history!

We ___46___ (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky ___47___ did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all ___48___ way around the Xi’an City Wall. Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and ___49___(watchtower) to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their ___50___(day) routines.

【参考答案】

41. 填 was built。空格前的 it 指代The Xi’an City Wall，它与动词 build 之间为被动关系，故用被动语态，又因为西安古城墙的修建时间在过去，所以用一般过去时。

42. 填 in。表示在某个朝代，用介词in。

43. 填 to walk。句首的it为形式主语，其后填不定式作真实主语。

44. 填 spending。动词用于介词后面作宾语时，总是用动名词，即填spending。

45. 填 better。考查what better than…句式的使用。有关what better than…的详细用法可参见：https://www.cpsenglish.com/question/51268

46. 填 hired。记录过去（当时）所做的事，故用一般过去时。

47. 填 but。前后意思转折，故填but。

48. 填 the。all the way为习语，意为“一路上”。

49. 填 watchtowers。different 修饰名词时通常要用复数形式，即填 watchtowers。

50. 填 daily。由于是用于名词前作定语，故要用形容词形式，即填daily。

▲2021浙江卷

It doesn’t impress like George Washington’s plantation on the Potomac, but Lincoln’s home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, ___56___ (prove) irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public. Beautifully restored (修复) to its 1860 appearance, the house was Abraham and Mary Lincoln’s home for 17 years. In 1844 they bought it ___57___ $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their ___58___ (marry) ceremony in 1842.

When the house was built, it was much ___59___ (small) than it is today. Mary’s niece wrote, “The little home ___60___ (paint) white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of ___61___ (she), everything in good taste and in perfect order.

Although Mary loved flowers, ___62___ she nor her husband was known as a gardener. A long-time neighbor said they never planted trees and only kept a garden for one year. Mary’s sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over ___63___ (plant) flowers in the front yard.

___64___ Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family. Three of the four Lincoln sons were born here. After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and ___65___ (sell) most of their furniture.

【参考答案】

56. 填 has proved/has proven。根据后面的since（自从）可知，此处应用现在完成时。

57. 填 for。填for，表示价格，buy sth for some money意为“花多少钱买某物”。

58. 填 marriage。根据句意和空格前的物主代词可知，此处应填marry的名词形式marriage。

59. 填 smaller。根据空格后的than可知，此处应填比较级smaller。

60. 填 was painted。因home与paint之间为被动关系，故填被动语态was painted。

61. 填 herself。指对她自己的反映。

62. 填 neither。考查neither…nor…（既不…也不…）结构的用法。

63. 填 to plant。come后面接动词不定式作目的状语，即填to plant。

64. 填 The。the Lincolns意为“林肯一家”。

65. 填 sold。跟rented为并列谓语，前后应保持一致的时态形式，故用一般过去时。

附2021年高考英语浙江卷语法填空题的全文翻译：

https://www.cpsenglish.com/question/51443

▲2021北京卷

A

Why do we dream? Scientists aren’t completely sure, and they have diverse ___11___ (idea). Dreams might be a side effect of memory making. When you sleep, your brain sorts through everything ___12___ happened during the day, trying to link new experiences to old memories. As it ___13___ (connect) things, your brain turns them into a story, and you get a dream.

B

Sam is an in-real-life streamer (播主), and he live streams himself just going about his day. While riding his bike home ___14___ a cold night, he came across a sad-looking elderly woman wandering the streets by herself. The poor woman wasn’t able to give him any information about ___15___ she lived. Sam walked her to a nearby convenience store so that she could ___16___ (safe) wait for the police to take her home.

C

There ___17___ (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, ___18___ (cause) largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations. From 2000 to 2019, there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world, ___19___ (result) in USD2,970 billion in economic loss. Much of this increase can be due to climate change. The findings show a critical need ___20___ (invest) in disaster prevention.

【参考答案】 

11. 填 ideas。idea是可数名词，由于其前没有必要的限定词修饰，所以要用复数形式（否则就成了“光杆名词”）。

12. 填that。that引导定语从句，修饰代词everything。（有人认为everything后面只能用that引导定语从句，不能用which，其实用which也不能算错，只是不如用that常见而已，比如《牛津英语语法教程·高级》指出Everything that he said was crazy. 和 Everything which he said was crazy 都可以说，但前者比后者更常见。

13. 填 connects。陈述客观事实，且其相应的主句也是一般现在时，故从句也用一般现在时。

14. 填 on。表示在某具体某一天的晚上，应连用介词on。

15. 填 where。指居住的地方，故填连接副词where。

16. 填 safely。修饰动词应用副词形式，故填safely。

17. 填 has been。根据后面的over the past 20 years可知，句子应用现在完成时。

18. 填 caused。因“极端天气事件的数量急剧上升”与“导致”之间为被动关系，故填过去分词（注意后面的by短语也是一个标志性的词语）。

19. 填 resulting。因“全球共发生重大自然灾害7348起”与“造成经济损失2.97万亿美元”之间为主动关系，故用现在分词resultying。

20. 填 to invest。名词need后通常接不定式作定语。

附2021年高考英语北京卷语法填空题的全文翻译：

https://www.cpsenglish.com/article/549

●文件太大,无法全部粘贴。

●若需全文word文档，可下载《2024—2014年高考英语语法填空真题总汇及答案》。

您还未登录，登录后查看完整内容