柯帕斯-高考英语真题翻译-2023-新全国卷1-阅读理解B
When John Todd was a
child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature
solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing
through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older,
John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes
people were making.
翻译：约翰·托德小时候喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。例如，一条很脏的溪流在流过生长有植物和微生物的岩石后，往往会变得清澈。约翰长大后便开始思考这个过程是否可以用来理顺人们制造的混乱。
After studying
agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing
nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of
fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals
and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He
decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.
翻译：在大学学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又继续去观察自然并提出问题。为什么某些植物能捕获有害细菌？哪些种类的鱼有可能会食用致癌化学物质？他想，如果能将动物和植物合理组合，也许他可以像大自然那样清理垃圾。他决定建造一台他后来称之为生态机器的东西。
The task John set for
himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he
constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he
went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and
animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these
different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem.
After a few weeks, John added the sludge.
翻译：约翰为自己设定的任务是清除一些污泥中的有害物质。首先，他建造了一系列相互连接的透明玻璃钢储罐。然后他去了当地的池塘和溪流并取回了一些动植物。他把它们放在储罐里然后等着。渐渐地，这些不同种类的生物相互适应，形成了它们自己的生态系统。几周后，约翰又放入了一些污泥。
He was amazed at the
results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and
began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left
was pure water.
翻译：结果让他感到惊讶。生态机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食物，开始吃了起来！没出几个星期，污泥就被消化掉了，最后只剩下纯净的水。
Over the years, John
has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse-like facility that
treated sewage (污水) from
1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal
water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.
翻译：这些年来，约翰承接了许多大工程。他开发了一个类似温室的设备，可以处理来自南伯灵顿1600户家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部城市福州的运河水。
“Ecological design”
is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of
spare parts for the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships
and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own
ways to self-repair. ”
翻译：“生态设计”是约翰给他所的工作起的名字。他说：“地球上的生命多少有点像发明家的一箱备用零件。你把生物体放在新的关系中，观察会发生什么。然后让这些新的系统自行培养自我修复的方式。”
24. What can we learn
about John from the first two paragraphs?
A. He was fond of
traveling.
B. He enjoyed being
alone.
C. He had an
inquiring mind.
D. He longed to be a
doctor.
24. 根据前两段我们可以了解到约翰的哪些情况?
A.他喜欢旅行。
B.他喜欢独处。
C.他喜欢追根究底。
D.他渴望成为一名医生。
25. Why did John put
the sludge into the tanks?
A. To feed the
animals.
B. To build an
ecosystem.
C. To protect the
plants.
D. To test the
eco-machine.
25. 约翰为什么把污泥放进罐子里?
A.喂动物。
B.建立一个生态系统。
C.保护植物。
D.测试生态机器。
26. What is the author’s
purpose in mentioning Fuzhou?
A. To review John’s
research plans.
B. To show an
application of John’s idea.
C. To compare John’s
different jobs.
D. To erase doubts
about John’s invention.
26. 作者提到福州的目的是什么?
A.回顾约翰的研究计划。
B.展示约翰想法的应用。
C.比较约翰的不同工作。
D.消除对约翰发明的怀疑。
27. What is the basis
for John’s work?
A. Nature can repair
itself.
B. Organisms need
water to survive.
C. Life on Earth is
diverse.
D. Most tiny
creatures live in groups.
27. 约翰工作的基础是什么?
A自然可以自我修复。
B.生物需要水才能生存。
C.地球上的生命多种多样。
D.大多数小生物群居生活。
答案：24—27 CDBA
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