advise 表示“建议”的用法初探
湖北武汉 黎反修
在主动语态中,如果 advise 后面没有宾语(名词或者代词),后面的动词要用动名词,作宾语,即 advise doing sth(动名词作 advise 的宾语);如果allow 后面有宾语(名词或者代词),宾语后面的动词要用带 to 的动词不定式,作宾语补足语。即 advise sb / sth. to do sth(“advise +宾语”后面的动词不定式作宾语补足语)。例如:
Would you advise phoning, or shall I wait a bit longer? 你看我打电话好,还是我再等一会儿好?(摘自英国L.G.亚历山大编著的《朗文英语语法》翻译本p.585)
Would you advise me to phone, or shall I wait a bit longer? (同上)
I advise selling your old car. 我建议把你的旧车卖掉。(摘自《韦氏高阶英汉双解词典》p.33)
I strongly advise you to sell your old car.我强烈建议你把旧车卖掉。(同上)
Evvans advised him to leave London.埃文斯劝他离开伦敦。(摘自《朗文当代高级英语辞典》第6版英英英汉双解版p.40)
在被动语态中,be advise d 后面的动词,应该用带 to 的动词不定式,作主语补足语,即be advised to do sth(advise 用于被动语态,后面的动词不定式短语 to do sth作主语补足语)。例如:
Passengers are advised to reserve early. 建议旅客及早订票。(摘自《牛津英语用法指南》第四版105.4节)
You are strongly advised to take out medical insurance when travelling abroad. 强烈建议出国旅游要购买医疗保险。(摘自《朗文当代高级英语辞典》第6版英英英汉双解版p.40)
【注意】在 advise 后面也不能接动名词复合结构,即 advise 后面不能接“逻辑主语+动名词”。例如:
正确:He advised me to come early. 他建议我早来。
错误:He advised me / my coming early.
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