介词短语“as ...”作主语补足语的用法初探

湖北武汉   黎反修

在英语中，某些动词的谓语动词（或者非谓语动词）被动语态后面可以用介词短语“as ...”作主语补足语。以下是有关这种用法的一些例句。

The film festival is acknowledged as an event of international importance.

这个电影节被认为是国际盛事。（摘自《朗文当代高级英语辞典》第6版acknowledge词条）

Many of Dickens’ books have been adapted as films . 狄更斯的许多书都已被改编成电影。（摘自赵俊英编著：《现代英语语法》p.726）

Kelly was adopted as the candidate for Bolton West . 凯莉被提名为博尔顿韦斯特的候选人。(摘自《麦克米伦高阶英汉双解词典》p.28)

The military is usually characterized as being very conservative . 军队通常被描述为很保守的地方。(摘自《麦克米伦高阶英汉双解词典》p.332)

Houston was chosen as the site for the convention . 休斯顿被选作大会的会址。(摘自《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》第8版p.329)

She was counted as absent from school that day. 那天，她被算作逃学了。（摘自《韦氏高阶英汉双解词典》p.478）

Tigers are broadly / loosely defined [=described very generally] as large cats. 老虎被泛泛地界定为大型猫科动物。（摘自《韦氏高阶英汉双解词典》p.560）

Gravity can be defined as the force of attraction between any two objects. 引力可解释为任何两个物体之间的吸引力。（摘自赵俊英编著《现代英语语法》p.727）

He was described by his friends as generous and loyal. 他的朋友说他慷慨忠诚。（摘自《韦氏高阶英汉双解词典》p.579）

He was designated team captain . = He was designated as team captain. [=he was made team captain.] 他被委任为队长。（摘自《韦氏高阶英汉双解词典》p.581）

The park has been designated as a wildlife refuge . 这个公园被定为野生动物保护区。（同上）

His idea was dismissed as impractical . 他的想法被视为不切实际，遭到了否定。（摘自《韦氏高阶英汉双解词典》p.616）

The comment was not intended [=meant] as an insult . 这一评论并无羞辱之意。（摘自《韦氏高阶英汉双解词典》p.1102）

It was never intended as a substitute for the real thing . 它绝非是用来以假乱真的。（同上）

Her comment was meant to be interpreted as sarcasm . 她的评论注定会被理解为挖苦。（摘自《韦氏高阶英汉双解词典》p.1107）

She is known as an expert in the field .[= people consider her an expert] 她被看成是这一领域的专家。（摘自《韦氏高阶英汉双解词典》p.1160）

The size of the crowd has been put as over 10,000 . 那群人的数量估计有10,000多。（摘自赵俊英编著：《现代英语语法》p.727）

Walt Whitman is recognized as one of America’s great poets . 沃尔特惠特曼被誉为美国伟大的诗人之一。（摘自《韦氏高阶英汉双解词典》p.1730）

The book is widely regarded as his best . [= many people think the book is the best that he has ever written] 人们普遍认为这是他写得最好的一本书。（摘自《韦氏高阶英汉双解词典》p.1744）

He registered as a Republican. = He is registered (to vote) as a Republican. 他的登记身份（即选举投票的身份）是一名共和党员。（摘自《韦氏高阶英汉双解词典》p.1745）

The restaurant was recently selected as one of the best in the area . 这家餐馆最近当选为本地区最佳餐馆之一。（摘自《韦氏高阶英汉双解词典》p.1883）

This new hotel is being touted as the best in the town . 这个新旅馆被称赞为该城镇最好的旅馆。（摘自赵俊英编著《现代英语语法》p.727）

I’m tired of being always typed as the bad man in the plays . 我厌倦在剧中总让我扮演坏人。（摘自赵俊英编著《现代英语语法》p.727）

He was written off by his family as a failure . 他的家人认为他是一个失败者。