柯帕斯-高考英语真题翻译-2022-新全国卷Ⅱ-阅读理解D
As
we age, even if we’re healthy, the heart just isn’t as efficient in processing
oxygen as it used to be. In most people the first signs show up in their 50s or
early 60s. And among people who don’t exercise, the changes can start even
sooner.
翻译：随着年龄的增长，即使我们身体健康，心脏处理氧气的效率其实也不如以前了。大多数人在50多岁或60岁出头时就会表现出最初迹象。而在那些不运动的人中，这种变化甚至可能更早出现。
“Think
of a rubber band. In the beginning, it is flexible, but put it in a drawer for
20 years and it will become dry and easily broken,” says Dr. Ben Levine, a
heart specialist at the University of Texas. That’s what happens to the heart.
Fortunately for those in midlife, Levine is finding that even if you haven’t
been an enthusiastic exerciser, getting in shape now may help improve your
aging heart.
翻译：“想想橡皮筋。开始的时候它是有弹性的，但把它在抽屉里放上20年，它就会变得很干，从而很容易折断，”德克萨斯大学的心脏专家本•莱文博士说。心脏的情况也是如此。莱文发现，幸运的是，对于那些步入中年的人来说，即使你一直不热心运动，现在开始锻炼也可以帮助改善你老化的心脏。
Levine
and his research team selected volunteers aged between 45 and 64 who did not
exercise much but were otherwise healthy. Participants were randomly divided
into two groups. The first group participated in a program of nonaerobic (无氧)
exercise—balance training and weight training—three times a week. The second
group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under the guidance of a trainer for
four or more days a week. After two years, the second group saw remarkable
improvements in heart health.
翻译：莱文和他的研究团队选择的志愿者年龄在45至64岁之间，他们不怎么运动，但其他方面都算健康。参与者被随机分为两组。第一组参加的项目是每周进行三次无氧运动——平衡训练和重量训练。第二组则在教练的指导下每周进行4天或更多天的高强度有氧运动。两年后，第二组的心脏健康状况得到了显著改善。
“We
took these 50-year-old hearts and turned the clock back to 30-or 35-year-old
hearts,” says Levine. “And the reason they got so much stronger and fitter was
that their hearts could now fill a lot better and pump (泵送)
a lot more blood during exercise.” But the hearts of those who participated in
less intense exercise didn’t change, he says.
翻译：“我们使时光倒流，让这些50岁的心脏回到30或35岁，”莱文说，“他们变得更加强壮和健康的原因是，现在他们的心脏在运动中可以更好地充血并泵送更多的血液。”但是那些参加较低强度运动的人，他们的心脏则没什么变化，他说。
“The
sweet spot in life to start exercising, if you haven’t already, is in late
middle age when the heart still has flexibility,” Levine says. “We put healthy
70-year-olds through a yearlong exercise training program, and nothing happened
to them at all.”
翻译：“如果你还没有开始锻炼的话，生命中进行锻炼的最佳时间是中年晚期，那时心脏仍有弹性，”莱文说。“我们让健康的70岁的人通过一年的运动训练计划，在他们身上根本没起任何作用。”
Dr.
Nieca Goldberg, a spokeswoman for the American Heart Association, says Levine’s
findings are a great start. But the study was small and needs to be repeated
with far larger groups of people to determine exactly which aspects of an
exercise routine make the biggest difference.
翻译：美国心脏协会发言人尼卡·戈德伯格博士说，莱文的发现是一个很好的开始。但这项研究涉及的人数不多，需要在更大的人群中反复进行研究，以确定日常锻炼的哪些方面会产生最大的影响。
32.
What does Levine want to explain by mentioning the rubber band?
A.
The right way of exercising.
B.
The causes of a heart attack.
C.
The difficulty of keeping fit.
D.
The aging process of the heart.
32.
莱文提到橡皮筋是想解释什么？
A.
正确的锻炼方式。
B.
心脏病发作的原因。
C.
保持健康的难度。
D.
心脏的老化过程。
33.
In which aspect were the two groups different in terms of research design?
A.
Diet plan.
B.
Professional background.
C.
Exercise type.
D.
Previous physical condition.
33.
就研究方案来说，这两组人在哪个方面有所不同？
A.
饮食计划。
B.
专业背景。
C.
锻炼类型。
D.
以前的身体状况。
34.
What does Levine’s research find?
A.
Middle-aged hearts get younger with aerobic exercise.
B.
High-intensity exercise is more suitable for the young.
C.
It is never too late for people to start taking exercise.
D.
The more exercise we do, the stronger our hearts get.
34.
莱文的研究发现了什么？
A.
中年的心脏通过有氧运动变得年轻。
B.
高强度的运动更适合于年轻人。
C.
人们开始锻炼的时间永远不会太晚。
D.
我们做的运动越多，我们的心脏就越强壮。
35.
What does Dr. Nieca Goldberg suggest?
A.
Making use of the findings.
B.
Interviewing the study participants.
C.
Conducting further research.
D.
Clarifying the purpose of the study.
35.
尼卡·戈德伯格博士提出了什么建议？
A.
利用这些发现。
B.
采访这项研究的参与者。
C.
进行进一步的研究。
D.
明确研究的目的。
答案：32—35
DCAC
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